Natural gas field

The economy of Colombia is based on natural resources, primarily coal and crude oil. Colombia has a gross domestic product (GDP) at the official exchange rate of roughly $274.2 billion US dollars. As a commodity-based economy, there is a direct correlation between Colombia’s GDP and fluctuating…

Gas is a nonrenewable energy source and we do not have an abundant supply, because it takes millions of years to form. Replacing the use of these fossil fuels with battery power will save gasoline so we have more in the future in case batteries fail . If batteries ever do come to naught, gasoline is still available for use, but not as a permanent power source, instead it will be used as a substitute. We would save an abundant amount of fossil fuels if we switch to non gas cars. Electric…

1. Introduction Silicified wood is normally formed close to the surface due to the infiltration of buried wood with mineral-rich water and the associated deposition of minerals (Kim et al., 2009). Two typical geological environments have been reported, 1) trees transported by streams and rivers then buried in the fluvial sediments (e.g., Weibel, 1996; Fielding and Alexander, 2001; Parrish and Falcon-Lang, 2007; Hartmann et al., 2010), and 2) ash from volcanic eruptions buries trees while felled…

3.1. Types of solar cells There are 3 main types of commercially available cells: 3.1.1Mono crystalline Silicon PV& Polycrystalline Silicon PV The occupational health issues are associated to chemical burns and inhalation of fumes from hydro fluoric acid (HF) and other solutions of acids (e.g., HNO3) and alkalis (e.g., NaOH) used for cleaning wafers ,removing complete oxide layer, and cleaning the reactor. Performing the slicing of wafers also results in solid waste for example (e.g.,…

Thermal energy strorage Thermal Energy Storage is the temporary storage of high or low temperature energy for later use, bridging the gap between requirement and energy use. The storage cycle might be daily, weekly or seasonal depending on the system design requirements, and whilst the output will always be thermal, the input may be thermal or electrical. Principle 1) Sensible Heat Storage Heating a liquid or solid, without changing the phase: This method is called sensible heat storage.…

British Petroleum (BP) is a global energy company that provides transport fuel, lubricants, petrochemicals and energy for heat and lighting and a pioneer in renewable energy among peers in oil and gas (BP 2017b). Sustainability initiatives may be traced back to 1997 as shown in figure 1 while reporting can be traced back to 1998 for which exists the earliest accessible report on BP’s website. International guidelines from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4’s core option, the United…

This poses the problem of energy recovery: in fact, a large amount of energy is required to pre-heat the feed to the reaction temperature, and a fraction of this energy can be recovered from the treated gas to pre-heat the feed. In any case, a certain amount of energy has to be supplied, as the efficiency of this approach is usually not higher than about 70% [2]. In this framework, a particularly effective technology is represented by the reverse-flow…

By 1899 The Carnegie Steel Company dominated the American Steel Industry, with the steel came the expansion of the railroad: at the forefront was Cornelius Vanderbilt whose main goal eventually became to monopolize the railroad system. Soon after came the rise of John D. Rockefeller Jr., whose fortune was beginning to grow with the creation of an oil refinery. It was the agreement that Rockefeller would fill Vanderbilt's trains with oil that required him to monopolize the petroleum industry, but…

The Daylight savings seems to reduce lighting use, and electricity consumption slightly, but it increases the heating, air conditioning, and gas consumption too. If the Daylight Savings were to be extended to year round, there would be an approximate 0.5% of electricity saved per day for the United States over a four-week span. This averages out to be around enough energy to power one hundred…

It has been 145 years since the Great Chicago Fire started on October 8, 1871. Chicago had not had rain in three weeks prior to the fire, so it made the city flammable. The city was also made up of wood, everything was wood. Their fire alarm system was bad because they took 40 minutes after the fire started. The fire crossed the river and spread through the city because their rivers were polluted. Chicago had around 30,000 people and still growing, it was one of the fasted growing cities at…