Nanoparticle

of harmful ingredients or has insufficient sun protection. There’s no perfect sunscreen. Not all products meet the standard of being non-toxic and safe for the entire family. Most have harmful chemicals, and even the mineral-based ones have nanoparticles. These are tiny ingredients that can cross the blood-brain barrier. These…

Technical Review of Hydrothermal Formation of Calcium Copper Tetrasilicate Introduction Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to obtain close-up images of samples with depth enabling high quality, 3D depictions on a microscopic level. It has been historically used to identify samples of interest such as bacterial biofilm, microtexture surfaces, and even cancer cells for diagnosis.[1, 2, 3] The first high magnification SEM was reported in a journal in 1938 by Ardenne after developing the…

Many types of metal oxide nanocrystals (NCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) as high-energy-density anode materials have been limited by their ionic and electronic conductivities and can withstand much larger volumetric…

Severe diseases in the human body have been causes due to pollution within the foods and liquids we consume on a day-to-day basis. The human body consists of many factors that help us fight against infection such as white blood cells, organs, tissues, or other cell substances. These factors that defend our body from millions of infection, bacteria, microbes, parasites, toxins, or viruses are all parts of what we call the immune system. So how does the immune system work you may ask? In simple…

electron microscopy. SEM micrographs of 0.1% suspensions of CNC showed homogeneous sphere-like particles with diameter about 100 nm dispersed in the carbon film of the holder (Figure 5A). This is expected due to electrostatic repulsion among nanoparticles in aqueous suspension before drying. In contrast, micrographs of CNC treated with HCl and NaOH Figure 5B and 5C respectively) evidenced agglomerated particles with sizes ranging micrometer. This was more evident in the case of CNC treated with…

The hazards involved in a mechanics workshop much larger than most other occupations this is due to that fact that they work with large and heavy machines such as cars, motor bikes, vans and in some cases lorries, as well as working with vehicles a mechanic works with power tools, such as a power drill, lifts and oils. All of these add up creating a very dangerous working situation if not properly maintained and managed, and if these are not controlled then injuries, some fatal could occur, for…

The carbohydrates present on the cells surface can act as a receptor for many pathogens to facilitate cell-cell adhesion through which humans can be infected, for example, mannose binds pathogenic bacteria E. coli and sialic acid binds influenza virus. Therefore, cell surface can be mimicked by preparing SAMs of carbohydrates to study and understand different types of binding and inhibition studies in vitro. SAMs of carbohydrates are also used for detecting disease biomarkers and carrying drugs.…

Antibiotic resistance also known as Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is when bacteria acquire the ability to resist the destructive and lethal effects of an antibiotic. New strains of resistant bacteria appear via mutations that introduce an antibiotic resistant gene and then evolve by “Survival of the Fittest". In presence of antibiotics, alleles providing bacteria with resistance are under strong selective pressure. Hence, surviving strains will be in a competition free environment, they will…

Concussions and Football Helmets Football is one of America’s most watched and played sports. On any day of the week, families across the nation watch as high school, college, and professional athletes compete against one another. Unfortunately, it is very rare to watch a game not be stopped for some kind of injury. One of the most common and dangerous injuries is a concussion. Most people do not think twice about a concussion and think it’s not a serious injury, but it is. It is a silent killer…

Effect of Organic Solvents on Particle Size When anti solvent was 0.4% (w/v) F68 aqueous solution, the effect of various good solvent was investigated. These organic solvents include ethanol, methanol, PEG 400, propylene glycol. The result as mention in Table 16 & Figure 27 showed that the particles prepared by methanol were the smallest (317 nm) among other organic solvents. Ethanol, PEG 400, and propylene glycol produced the particles having the mean particle size of 525nm, 1274nm, 864nm,…