Nanoparticle

Scientific Background and Long-term Objectives Blood brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable membrane that controls the passage of substances from the bloodstream to the central nervous system (CNS).Poor penetration of the drugs with various compositions across the BBB is evident in the biomedical research. This impacted greatly the pharmaceutical interventions of various neurodegenerative disorders, brain tumours and impairment of the CNS [1].BBB is the main route for the therapeutic…

Started from 1895, when Wihelm Cornrad Roentgen discovered X-rays, numerous groundbreaking findings laid the foundation for medical imaging (Riesz 1995). Since the beginning of the twentieth century, many medical imaging modalities have been used in routine clinical practice to obtain anatomical and physiological information. PET, for instance, is used for physiological imaging. Ultrasound, MRI and CT are commonly used for soft tissue structures (Weissleder and Pittet 2008). In oncology, the…

Abstract Biofilms cause many problems in the drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) and are difficult to remove via conventional disinfection methods. Halogenated furanones produced by Delisea pulchra can hinder biofilm formation and maintenance and look promising as an alternative solution that can be used either as a preventive measure or co-treatment against biofilms in DWDS. However, limited toxicology studies that have been done on halogenated furanones formed as by-products of…

Europa, a world that could be teaming with life. A liquid ocean underneath the icy crust. It is a hostile world above the surface. It is constantly bombarded by harmful radiation from its planet, Jupiter, because of its lack of an atmosphere. Its extreme temperature can make it even harder to colonize the surface. The temperatures can freeze liquid water in a matter of seconds. Low gravity can let astronauts reach escape velocity, which can cause them to go into space. So why haven’t we decided…

Since the water splitting reaction using semiconductor electrode reported by Fujishima et al. in 1972 [1], there is increasing interest in the development of metal oxide photocatalysts for environmentally friendly applications such as air purification [2], hydrogen production via water splitting [3] and the removal of organic molecules from water [4]. Recently, photocatalyst thin film has aroused growing interests instead of a powder type of photocatalyst. Photocatalyst film can be deposited…

Up until the 1930’s scientist and doctors said Cigarettes were considered safe and, it was not until recently, nearly 85 years, later that scientist are truly beginning to understand the long term effects that cigarettes leave on the body. Presently the Center for Disease Control report that cigarettes cause over 480,000 per year. (CDC). In 2006 the government began place stricter and sticker punishments on the Tabaco companies forcing them to sponsor anti-smoking campaigns. To combat that…

Figure 1a. Size of nano curcumin. Image of curcumin nanoparticles taken with Transmission electron microscope (JOEL 2100F) showing particles having size distribution of 59.9 nm to 198 nm ( average size of 160 nm). Figure 1b. Bioavailability of nano curcumin. Mice were given I.P injections with curcumin/nanocurcumin (vehicle: PBS containing 10% ethanol) per mice at 100 mg/kg body weight and then bled at different time points via retro-orbital puncture and blood collected from each…

in the solar panel industry. Three dimensional printing is by far the most high-tech thing that scientist have created, but did you know that silver played a part in making it all happen? Three dimensional printing ink is made out of silver nanoparticles, generating a higher demand for silver. Silverware is big user of silver as well. Along with gold and diamonds, silver is a big player in the jewelry business. Silver is also used in pottery glaze, helicopter bearings, cutting boards, oxide…

Is it true bulletproof clothing can help save a life from any kind of weapon attack? Bulletproof clothing can not save you from any kind of weapon attack. But as the materials in the armor improve the likely it will be that the armor will be able to protect someone enough to keep them from being fatally wounded(Ollhoff). As the armor becomes more protective it is also starting to become more discrete. The armor ranges from vests to tuxedos and blankets(Forero). The materials in the armor range…

obtained using Amicon® Ultra - 4 10K centrifugal filter devices, checked for functionality and cross reactivity with heterogeneous snake venoms as mentioned in sandwich ELISA protocol and stored at 4oC. 3.11 Synthesis of colloidal gold Gold nanoparticles about 25 nm were prepared using modified citrate reduction method described by Grabar et al. (1995). Briefly, 200 ml of 0.01 % HAuCl4 solution was heated to boiling followed by rapid addition of 2 ml Sodium citrate (1%) with vigorous…