Myocardial infarction

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) represents an escalating public health issue, worldwide. Statistics indicate that cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. It accounts for a near 17.5 million deaths every year.1 Moreover, CVD is responsible for significant and alarming morbidity, disability and loss of work.In 2010, a study indicated that the cost of CVD in the United States of America was around $444 billion. It may also be pertinent to mention that the…

All those who are intubated must be extubated! Anaesthesia is a science but learned and practiced as an art. Contrary to its traditional image, functions of modern day anaesthesiologist expands far beyond the boundaries of anaesthetizing and de-anaesthetizing a particular patient. Taking utmost care of the patient and safeguarding the patient from possible untoward events during anaesthesia and surgery is the supreme duty of the anaesthesiologist apart from optimal pain relief to the…

effusions, cardiac enlargement and difficulty in breathing [3]. Myocardial infarction (Pain), commonly known as a heart attack, is the damage of heart muscle, occurring when blood doesn’t flow to the heart on any part of it. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort, which travels to the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Other symptoms may include breathlessness, nausea, faint feeling or exhaustion. Risk factors of Myocardial infarction include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes,…

the changes occurring in the size, shape, internal and external structure and the function of the heart. This problem mainly arises because of any injury to the heart muscle or this typically arises due to acute myocardial infarction (also known as transmural or ST segment elevation infarction). Some other general causes which lead to opting for ventricular remodeling surgery include an increase in pressure, an increase in volume, overloaded pressure, overloaded volume…

atypical forms that involve basal or midventricular hypokinesis with apical sparing. A significant hyperadrenergic state appears to be common in cases of TC. Some Hypothesis to explain TC include: aborted myocardial infarction with spontaneous…

1. Fatigue and dyspnea on exertion are two common symptoms associated with mitral valve dysfunction. Many patients may not even show any signs and symptoms in the initial years except tiredness and fatigue. According to Shipton & Wahba, signs and symptoms of mitral dysfunctions include dyspnea on exertion, palpitations, orthopnea, chest discomfort, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and eventually leading to signs of right-sided heart failure. Although, mitral dysfunctional may be…

L-type channels control the upstroke of action potential in the SA and AV nodes and also mediate phase 2 of ventricular action potential. Thus, by blocking the entry of calcium into cells calcium channel antagonists cause vasodilation and decreased: myocardial force generation, conduction velocity (particularly the AV node) and heart rate. This is negative inotropy, dromotropy and chronotropy respectively. Therefore calcium channel antagonists lower systemic vascular resistance by causing…

ingredients, and the placebo group received an injection without. The efficacy end point, which tests whether the hypothesis is true or not, was determined by cardiovascular events. These events include cardiovascular death, angina or chest pain, a myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization. Coronary revascularization is a procedure in which they bypass an artery to restore blood flow to the heart. Throughout the trial, those who were responsible in reading and monitoring the results…

K.D.. has a diagnosis of acute congested heart failure. Heart failure is the inability of the heart to work effectively as a pump. It is a common chronic health problem with acute episodes often causing hospitalization. Over five million people in the United States have heart failure causing about 875,000 hospitalizations each year acute coronary disease and other structural or functional problems of the heart can lead to acute heart failure. Both acute and chronic heart failure can be life…

risk factor, so a positive risk factor is subtracted, leaving her with a risk factor. Her father died after a heart attack at the age of 60, according to the ACSM’S guidelines, a risk factor is if the father died before the age of 55 of a myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, and sudden death (pg.27). Based on the ACSM Guidelines for Medical Examination and Exercise Testing, the letter d is true for the patient because it says that no medical exam prior to vigorous…