Myelin

In vivo, OLs do not exist as an isolated population. Rather, they formed a complex network with all the other major cells types in the CNS. Signaling between OLs and neurons, astrocytes and microglia have been reported plenty (Bastmeyer et al., 1991; Schwab and Schnell, 1991). To further assess whether the injury mechanism we observed in vitro faithfully reflects the real HIV pathogenesis in vivo, we used two models, a co-culture model where OLs are cultured on top of a mixed glial layer and a…

Neurons are not the only cells that occupied the central nervous system (CNS). In fact, neurons are outnumbered by supportive non-excitable cells, collectively called neuroglia (a.k.a. glia). The term glia was coined by Rudolph Virchow in 1859 to indicate the “connective tissue” surrounding the neurons (glia came from Greek meaning glue). However, the combination of the activities of glial cells and neurons is crucial for brain functions (Steward 2000). There are three types of glial cells in…

Cerebral Palsy is a disability that affects a child for life. A child who is diagnosed with this disability has until the age of two for a complete diagnosis. Some children are born with this while others receive this diagnosis several months after birth. When being diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy mostly only the child’s brain is affected. This disorder results in several issues with the developing nervous system. These exact issues in the nervous system have yet to be found in clinical findings.…

sec, and the average female reaction time was .7418 sec. Second trial was with rulers. Male- .1778 sec, and female- .1950 sec. Which body parts are correlated to Reaction Time? The different body parts include: Brain Cells. Axon, Ions, Dendrite, Myelin, Neuron, Neurotransmitter, Receptors, Synapse, Synaptic Transmission. A person’s nervous system allows people to react to different stimuli. Reactions can be voluntary or…

But what if it isn’t? That does not mean that an 18 year isn’t capable of making sound judgements or have self-control. One of the final steps of brain developing an adult brain is myelination (Wolfe 2015). Myelin is known for increasing the speed of axons and sending signals to both parts of the brain. When the brain functions as a whole, you are obviously thinking with a straight head. Even though the brain still changes and develops after 18, it is matured…

subtype of the nociceptors, and what are the one of four differences in those receptors? (2pts) 1) Mechanical. Thermal. or Polymodal. 2) Morphology of the peripheral ending. Sensitivity to stimulus energy. Diameter of the axon. Whether the axon has myelin or not. 3. Which transient receptor potential (TRP receptors) seem to be involved in the mechanical pain? (1pt) Mammalian TRPA1 channels seem to be involved in mechanical…

adulthood. Brain development begins prenatally and continues through school age. It begins with the formation of brain cells, followed by cell migration and differentiation, and the development of synapses to enable cells to communicate with one another. Myelin is the supportive tissue that surrounds and protects the nerve cells and facilitates communication (Berger, 2012, p.94-105). The brain is a specialized tissue in which functionality depends upon the generation of electrical potentials and…

Sudden infant death syndrome is when an infant, under the age of one, dies during the night from an unexplained cause. It is rare for SIDS to occur within the first month, chances are higher around 2-4 months of age. There are no signs of infant distress in most cases and many mothers have stated that the infant feeds right before being laid down. It is only diagnosed after reviewing the infants’ clinical history and a complete autopsy examination is done excluding all other causes of death.…

Human Vitamin B-12 (HVB-12), is naturally found as a multifaceted chemical structure of all vitamins known as cobalamin because cobalt is a part of its chemical (Pawlak et al., 2013). Thus, cobalamin itself is a member of cobalt compounds known as corrinoids, it is referred to as cobalamin (Pawlak et al., 2013). This is an example of a water soluble vitamin, cannot been store by the human body. HVB-12, assists nervous system and functioning of brain boost (Criag, 2010). Commonly found in animal…

Do young children’s lives matter? What standards do we look upon to have a successful education? Our nation today stresses the importance of higher education. However, society is negligent to recognize the benefits of young children’s fundamental development in early childhood education, such as preschool. Young children between three to four years of age need the ability to build on physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. These initial qualities of growth will assist young…