Myelin

José’s inability to form sentences and communicate either verbally or physically not only implies a delay in his cognitive development, but his physical development as well. During early childhood development, the brain experiences several growth spurts that impact the development of cognitive abilities, such as speech and memorization. By the age of three and a half, José should already be potty-trained, while “some children show signs of readiness for toilet training between 18 and 24 months,…

Lorenzo’s Oil In the Lorenzo’s Oil, a boy named Lorenzo is diagnosed with Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). ALD is a genetic disorder that affects 1 in every 18,000 people. It mostly affects boys. The disorder destroys myelin, which is the protective part of the brain that surrounds the neurons. Lorenzo’s family had courage and persistence which inspired me. Michaelia shouldn’t feel guilty that it was her genes that caused Lorenzo to have ALD. I believe that everyone needs people to help them at…

1. The hypothalamus is the processing centre that controls the body temperature in the brain, through temperature receptors the skin is able to realize changes to external temperatures which send the information to the brain (hypothalamus). There are also temperature receptors that identify the temperature changes in the blood. The Processing centre triggers for the effectors (these are the sweat glands and muscles) to adapt in order the make sure our body temperature stays at 37°C. If we…

The dilemma of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research can be a very controversial subject. Many people are supporters of hESC research because they view the embryos to be resourceful experiments in contributing with medication because of the abilities the undifferentiated embryonic stem cells have. Many of the opposing individuals are against scientists who conduct experiments on embryos for personal moral reasons. People who have religious or personal values, argue embryos are “human” and…

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is a very rare disease that effects only about 0.2 to 0.7 per 100,000 children per year (Kuni, B., Banwell, B., & Till, C. 2012). Commonly misdiagnosed for multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis can be fatal to one’s health if not diagnosed in adequate time. Because of this fact, it is important to educate the general public about the symptoms and outcomes of individuals diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. This paper…

happens for the brain’s cells which are rarely used (cited in Raz2009, pp.106-109). Batzoxis agrees with Ras for pruning process which is going on of brain circuits. Because of myelin invaded gray matter, it disappears, but these areas that are heavily used become myelinated (Batzokis2008, pp.73-77). According to Cohen, myelin pathways can transmit a signal more than 13 times per second when compared with unmyelinated. Moreover, in the 30s, some parts of the brain which…

Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a condition which affects the ability of adrenal glands to produce adrenaline and myelin, which insulates the nerves in the brain and spinal cord. This diminishes the ability of the brain to communicate effectively with the rest of the nerves. This condition was initially identified in the early 1900s and was originally called Schilder-Addison disease (2). The cause of this condition originates in the peroxisomes, which are tiny structures in the cell which assist…

Nation Library of Medicine.)Astrocytes are mainly restricted to the brain and spinal cord. Their main function is to keep chemical environments for neuronal signaling balanced. Oligodendrocytes are our lipid-rich wrapping found in our nervous systems. Myelin has important effects on the speed of action potential conduction. Microglial cells are much smaller cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells. These cells have a lot in common with macrophage tissue. They are basically scavenger cells…

regulation of normal immune response. Vitamin D plays an immunoregulatory role through upregulation of T-cell activity and anti-inflammatory molecules and downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines during acute phases. Vitamin D also contributes to myelin repair mechanisms [1]. This evidence is supported by a higher prevalence of multiple sclerosis observed in people living in northern latitudes compared to those living closer to the equator. Also, a prospective cohort study within the…

Epipen has become big talk over recent controversy that the recent uptake in price has become more exponential than becoming eligible for the consumers to afford. Overall life expectancy and health status in the United States are improving; infant mortality is declining; and disability rates among the elderly have been falling nearly three times as fast as they did over the previous eight decades. This good news is bolstered by outsize increases in life expectancy and health status for Americans…