Muscular dystrophy

To begin, the role of the ACH receptor is vital to biology. An incoming action potential to an alpha motor neuron causes acetylcholine or ACH, at the end plate. The ACH binds to ACH receptors on the sarcolemma causing a depolarization through sodium influx. In your body, calcium performs a number of basic functions. The body uses around 99 percent of its calcium to keep bones and teeth strong, as a result, supports skeletal structure and function. The rest of the calcium in your body plays…

The anatomy of the foot is a tremendously complex one. Plantar Flexion as defined by O’Toole (2013) “A toe down motion of the foot at the ankle. It is measured in the degrees from the 0 degree position of the foot at rest on the ground, with the body in a standing position.” Plantar flexion is a movement that is used every day, from climbing the stairs to applying the foot the pedal while driving (Contributor, 2015). Motion defined by (Lippert,2011). ‘As the process of moving joints, limbs…

Prevention is better than cure and there is evidence that a programme of eccentric hamstring exercises can reduce the incidence of hamstring muscle injuries. The eccentric exercise, such as Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) can be done in the field without the use of any equipment. The NHE has been shown to increase the eccentric strength in the hamstring muscles in male professional soccer players. Players start in a kneeling position, with the torso from the upward held rigid and straight. The…

Static stretching is often referred to as slow or passive stretching. This slow, deliberate movement is used to achieve a lengthening of muscle that’ been stimulated. There has been much research done, exploring the effects of static stretching on performance of athletes. The results of these studies tend to point towards a positive reduction in injury. The ability to lengthen your muscle without damage may allow the athlete to assume an unusual position of which would have regularly resulted in…

The properties of cardiac muscle are always changing as a result of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous stimulation and pharmacological drugs that alter or stimulate molecular mechanisms in the heart. In order to understand the mechanisms of the heart, we must experiment with the heart by observing the properties of cardiac cells and formulate hypotheses for their observed response. The structure of cardiac muscle consists of myocardial cells which have a nucleus, contractile filaments…

INTRODUCTION The proteins actin and myosin is the caused of excitement of skeletal muscle. It can be made chemical, electrical and mechanic. When the muscles are use many times to the maximum force, the muscle will decline. That decline is called muscle fatigue. 1 L-Carnitine is a compound that makes the increment of the muscle performace. L-Carnitine is found in the entire cell on the body, its function is to change fats to energy and transport the fatty acids to the mitochondria. L-Carnitine…

Muscles are often only described by large features and classified by a particular region of group of muscles, which does not do the complexity muscle tissue justice. When a skeletal muscle cell is broken down on a microscopic level one is able to truly grasp just how intricate skeletal muscles are along with how they function on a physiological level. Skeletal muscle cells cannot be understood until three key aspects of their structure are enumerated and these are their myofibrils, sarcoplasmic…

1. What are the functional classifications for the biceps and triceps muscles in the bicep curl movement? What type of contractions are the biceps and triceps performing during a bicep curl? There are two functional classifications for the biceps and triceps muscles, which are the following: agonists and antagonists. The agonist generates the most powerful force in the biceps, in comparison to the triceps. The Triceps focuses on protecting the muscles from hyperextending the arm, by using the…

Muscle contraction is made possible when an action potential is propagated from a motor neuron to a muscle fiber. This occurs at the neuromuscular junction, where the neuron innervates the muscle fiber. One nerve can innervate thousands of muscle fibers, allowing for an entire muscle to contract. At each neuromuscular junction, muscle tissue (an excitable tissue) is able to receive an electrical signal from the motor neuron and propagate it further. As the electrical signal reaches the terminal…

Body mechanics play an important role in any task you perform. Having good body mechanics is important because it keeps the body in good alignment and prevents stress of the joints, which helps to prevent conditions that can cause lower back or leg pain. For proper body mechanics you must have the “load” close to your body, trunk in an upright position, and use the muscles in the leg instead of the back (Early, 2013 pg 191).Proper body mechanics for the activity of tug of war, would be to stand…