Mortar and pestle

Aims of Experiment 1. To extract benzoic acid from the toluene-benzoic acid mixture, using oxidation-reduction reaction (chemical properties) and difference of solubility (physical properties) –Expt. 1 2. To learn how to recrystallize the solid organic compounds well for getting more purified compounds –Expt. 2 3. To find which differences between raw product and recrystallized product are observed. –Expt. 2 4. To determine melting point range of organic compounds with digital melting point…

temperature of the flame will affect the intensity of heat delivered to the baking soda, which will affect the amount of gas released from the decomposition, which may increase or decrease, thus affecting the results of the experiment. Ensure that a mortar and pestle is used to grind the baking soda to get rid of any clumps that could affect the results of the experiment. Grind the clumps before measuring the powder to ensure accurate measurements will be…

Section Two - Oral Liquid Formulations (1) Characteristics of Suspensions: The oral liquid dosage form chosen to formulate was that of a suspension. Given the criteria of Drug Y it was thought best to formulate the drug as a suspension. Suspensions can be defined as ''a class of materials in which one phase, a solid, is dispersed in a second phase, generally a liquid.'' (1) There are many characteristics of suspensions that are relevant when formulating such a dosage form. They are as follows;…

the government should fix the issues of the poor tool quality by letting the peasants use the tools they make in their homes. Huan Tan, an upper-class Han philosopher, from document 3, supports technology. He discusses the advancements of the pestle and mortar in a positive light and supports it because of how innovations have made it even more effective. His position as a high official shows how the wealthy felt about technology. He believed that technology was a gift and should be respected.…

FTIR Spectroscopic Study on Inner Membrane of Egg Shell of Chicken Gallus gallus domesticus Abstract: The paper presents FTIR analysis of inner membrane of eggshell of chicken Gallus gallus domesticus. Fresh samples of egg shells are cleaned; dried and inner membrane of the shell is separated carefully for FTIR analysis. FTIR spectrum reveals a series of bands related to fats and proteins. Calcium carbonate is the major constituent (about 90%) of the shell, but it is absent in the inner shell…

Introduction How Cadbury started? Cadbury Company established by a man named John Cadbury. He made and sold drinking chocolate using only a pestle and mortar in 1824 at 93 Bull Street, Birmingham, United Kingdom. In 1831, his brother named Benjamin helped him to change the shop to a Cadbury factory. This development continued by two John’s sons, Richard and George. In 1905, Cadbury has launched a product, Cadbury Dairy Milk. The main ingredients were fresh milk from the British Isle and…

Amazon maintain a high level of resilience and innovation as well as take into consideration and address multiple macroenvironmental factors to stay ahead. To assess how well the company is adapting to different conditions we can use a tool called the PESTLE analysis model. The acronym PESTEL stands for “Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal Factors” (PESTEL, n.d) and is a tool used to identify the factors that shape a company’s environment. Political This aspect of…

In document two, Huan Tuan an upper-class Han philosopher, explains the improvements the pestle and mortar underwent, changing to abide with much needed efficiency, improving the tool by a “hundredfold” (document 2). Rather than relying on slaves to do their labor for them, Huan Tuan’s explanation shows that tools were an everyday necessity, often…

Rome and China, from about 200 BCE to 100 CE, developed technology. Though Rome and China both recognized technology as an essential part of their society, the Romans believed that technology was below the aristocratic elite, and the Hans did not. The first group of documents implies that technology comes from the benevolent government. The writers of these documents are most likely vying for a place in the government. The second group, two documents from Rome, suggest that technology is not…

PRE FORMULATION STUDY: Pre formulation testing was an investigation of physical and chemical properties of a drug substance alone and when combined with excipients. It was the first step in the rational development of dosage forms. Class: -Pre formulation study can divide into two subclasses: API characterization, Compatibility study Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) characterization:- Organoleptic evaluation:-These are preliminary characteristics of any substance which is useful in…