Montreal Protocol

chemical element in CFCs identified in the article as the element involved in destroying the ozone layer Three atoms of oxygen make up a molecule of ozone Gordon Dobson first measured the wavelengths of UV light reaching the Earth’s surface The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone is the name of the international agreement that limits the production of CFCs Part B Cl + O3 ➞ ClO + O2 and ClO + O3 ➞ Cl + 2O2 The first reaction is a single replacement reaction, and the second is…

Introduction Ozone depletion has been regarded as one of the global environmental issues for several decades. It is defined by Martens (1) as the situation that the amount of stratosphere ozone layer is decreasing and being damaged. The major reason is that the ozone in the stratosphere protects us from the harmful ultraviolet radiation and absorbs heat from the infra-red radiation. Reducing the amount of ozone probably causes irreversible and permanent damages to human and environment,…

Topic: The use of methyl bromide (an ozone depleting gas) as a fumigant to control pests Introduction Methyl Bromide, also known as Bromomethane, is an organobromine compound. It is a industrially and biologically produced gas that is colorless, odorless and nonflammable. It has the chemical formula of CH3Br, but it is manufactured by using methanol with hydrogen bromide, giving the formula CH3OH + HBr → CH3Br + H2O. Methyl Bromide is also a broad spectrum pesticide, which means that it is a…

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act - Implemented in 1918, the MBTA prohibits killing, hunting, capturing, and selling of any migratory bird. It was established as a response to the near - extinction or extinction of a number of bird species. Over 800 birds are currently on the list between the U.S., Mexico, Great Britain, Japan, and Russia. If found guilty of this wrongdoing, fines for violation are given, and furthermore can be charged with a felony, depending on the situation. Atomic Energy Act -…

Causes and Effects of Global Warming Aside from war, poverty, and crime, one of the major world issues is global warming. Global warming is a phenomenon caused by the hole in the ozone layer. This hole allows ultraviolet, also known as UV, rays to cover the Earth like a blanket since the purpose of the ozone layer is to block these rays. The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the air that wraps the UV rays around the Earth which causes the warming of the Earth. In…

of hope for human civilization. I would like to look back at the Montreal Protocol. This was an international collective action problem that should not…

Another marketing instrument besides a carbon tax is a cap and trade system. To define a cap and trade system, Economist Keohane states in his article, “Total allowable emissions are limited, and an equivalent number of allowances are created, which may be bought or sold on a market. Each facility’s emissions are monitored and recorded; at the end of a compliance period, each facility must hand over an equivalent number of allowances to the government. A firm seeking to minimize its cost of…

acid rain, causing plants and trees to die, and damaging structures. Finally, in 1987, scientists discovered a hole in the ozone layer, which was a serious threat to the Earth’s protective layer from the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation. In 1987, Montreal Protocol addressed the harm/damage caused in the ozone layer by chemicals known as CFCs. CFCs are most commonly in aerosol sprays and air conditioners. The EPA ( Environmental Protection Agency) writes and enforces regulations based on the laws…

combine and work together to diminish the detrimental impacts of climate change. Many organisations and countries have so far had attempts in combining many countries with each other to establish different treaties such as the Kyoto protocol or the Montreal protocol to minimise the use of greenhouse gases. However, these efforts must further increase to make a more significant impact on preventing climate…

increasing the number of web pages. The search engine was used to find information on the specific site by using file transfer protocol (FTP). In 1990, the first search engine was Archie that was invented by McGill University in Montreal, Canada. In 1991, Mark McCahill created the new tool which was called Gopher. Both Archie and Gopher were used file transfer protocol (FTP) to work. In 1993, the field of search engines was changed because the first essential of the search engine was created by…