Monomer

Poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide, or Kevlar, is a strong polymer that has been used in a wide range of applications from clothing to spacecraft. The material was chosen because of its relevance in my life as a musician due its application in marching snare drum heads. Kevlar's inception dates back to the late 1960s and early 70s in a DuPont facility, where a young woman named Stephanie Kwolek was researching high-performance fibers for use in reducing gasoline consumption in automobiles. Her…

pyrimidine, serves as a template for replication. The five-carbon sugar is a backbone tThe primary structure of macromolecules includes nucleotides in nucleic acids and amino acids in proteins. Most large biological molecules are composed of repeating monomers covalently bound through dehydration…

In 1856, in the town of Birmingham, one of the biggest industrial revelations occurred. The first man made plastic had been constructed, and it was presented at the Great international exhibition six years later by none other that the man who made it Alexander Parkes. Soon after more information was collected and it had come to the conclusion that plastics were synthetic organic polymers, and the reaction plastic was formed came to be known as polymerization. The word itself derived from the…

A polymer is any atom that is built up of individual building blocks that are connected together. And the individual building blocks are called monomers. Monomers that makes protein is called amino acids. When this is linked together, it is called a polypeptide or protein. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds in a condensation reaction. The polypeptide chain that takes shape is the main…

to the attachment between amine groups and the carboxyl groups 13,14. Moreover, as it is revealed by the FT-IR spectra, the copolymers showed no absorption in the characteristic C=C bond region at 1628 cm−1 which can be attributed to the absence monomer…

Task-5 a) • Metals Metal structure is made up of crystals of metals which are made up of positive metal ions and these ions are surrounded by a sea of delocalized electrons. To separate these substances from this crystal lattice a lot of energy is needed. In between the positive and negative ions is present a strong electrostatic force of attraction. That is the reason why metals have strong melting and boiling points. In order to slide one layer of the metal ions over the other layer very less…

Lugol’s Solution Betty Ngo Introduction Macromolecules are the critically important large molecules that fall into four main classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Macromolecules are polymers which are built up by monomers. Monomers become polymers from the process dehydration reaction and polymers are broken apart by the process hydrolysis. Macromolecules are critically important to all living organisms because they perform basic functions necessary for an…

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain disorder characterised by a progressive dementia which appears around mid to late life (McKhann et al., 1984). Alzheimer’s disease was first reported in 1909 by Alois Alzheimer as a “peculiar severe disease process of the cerebral cortex” (Hippius and Neundörfer, 2003). He noted that the disease consisted of “distinctive plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain histology” (ibid, 2003). Now the disease is estimated to effect 44.35…

a couple grams to 2000lb parts. 4.2.2.12. Short Production Lead Times: Compared to conventional thermoplastic materials polyurethane has a significantly more economical tooling costs and relatively short lead time. 4.3. Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber EPDM is a type of synthetic rubber and is an elastomer useful for a wide range of applications. Dienes currently used in the manufacture of EPDM rubbers are dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), vinyl norbornene (VNB) and ethylidene norbornene…

Downstream Targets Due to the lack of developing an effective Ras treatment, some have turned to targeting downstream effectors of Ras. Downstream effectors have a critical role in Ras carcinogenesis and are commonly found in KRAS mutated cancers. The most intensely targeted pathways are the Raf-MEK-ERK (MAPK) and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways. Raf-MEK-ERK MAPK signaling is initiated through receptor tyrosine kinases after their activation by growth factors (Mccubrey 2006). Once Ras is in its…