Monocyte

Hypertension and Leptin The cumulative effect of Leptin administered for short term on blood pressure in the conditions of a healthy subject are negligible. The sympathetic activity of the nervous system is activated by Leptin in lean animals (Peckett, Wright, & Riddell, 2011). However, a balance is created by the vasorelaxation that is NO-dependent and natriuresis in the event which the blood pressure is kept constant. However, prolonged hyperleptinaemia leads to an increase in the blood…

Brandy Lauder broke a toe and had to get orthopedic surgery to get it repaired. She was then prescribed antibiotics for ten days. The antibiotics depleted the bacteria that kept Clostridium difficile under control, which caused her to get a debilitating infection. She first got diarrhea and then went into shock. Her intestines swelled up and she had to get surgery to give room to her swollen and blood-deprived organs. The bacterium that caused her infection was Clostridium difficile. The…

Introduction Ebola virus (EBOV) is a filamentous, negative sense single-stranded strand RNA virus under the Filoviridae family [1]. It is a large virus, approximately 970 nm long, and 80 nm in diameter [2]. EBOV is infamous in the African continent, causing hemorrhagic fever in both humans and nonhuman primates in the African continent [1], where outbreaks have been unpredictable and usually resulting in fatality. Since its discovery in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo [3], EBOV still…

Due to the lack of supplies and hygiene in third world countries, a virus called Ebola has broke out. Ebola has caused hundreds of thousands of deaths in the past year causing nearly four thousand lives in Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. With the right steps, this virus can be contained and eventually cured. Ebola is a deadly virus that first appeared in the year 1976, occurring in Sudan and the current Dominican Republic of Congo. The virus was named after a small river in the Dominican…

responds to the hormone thrombopoietin and forms a megakaryocyte. The platelets are formed when small, membrane bound portions of cytoplasm break away. Leukopoiesis is the formation of white blood cells. The myeloid cell line forms granulocytes and monocytes, which share a common stem cell. The stem cell is stimulated by CSFs to make myeloblast, which then creates promyelocytes. Eosinophilic myelocytes separate into eosinophils, basophilic myelocytes form basophils, and neutrophilic myelocytes…

Zac Tegeler B.S. Biology, M.S. Biomedical Sciences University of Houston-Victoria (UHV) Victoria, TX After some struggles trying to start a small business, my parents declared bankruptcy in early 2011 and lost their home. The following year and a half was a low point for our family. With slow, steady perseverance and planning my father was able to not only find steady work to provide for the family, but also to return to college where he will graduate with a communications degree in the fall.…

ability to produce viable blood cells has been compromised through mutation. In healthy bone marrow the Osteocytes that live within produce hematopoietic stem cells that mature to become different components of blood: erythrocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and platelets (Saba et. al, 2007). Osteocytes that have undergone mutations produce a different kind of stem cell. Only a small fraction of these stem cells are able to mature into functioning Erythrocytes, Neutrophils and Platelets (Jiang et.…

number of microbe associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) derived from pathogens which drive tissue inflammation. Numerous resident and recruited host cells of periodontal tissues express surface TLRs. These include neutrophils, Langerhans cells, monocytes/macrophages, osteoblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, gingival fibroblasts and gingival epithelial…

1.4.9 Kinetics and metabolism Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are lipophilic compounds that are readily absorbed from the lungs following inhalation, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract following ingestion and the skin following dermal exposure (ASTDR, 1995). In humans, it was reported that B(a)P measured in the lungs following inhalation of soot particles was much lower than expected. This may be due to the ability of the pulmonary epithelial cells to metabolise B(a)P thereby facilitating its…

A bone is made up of different tissues that work together: bone, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, various blood forming tissues, adipose tissue and nerve tissue(coursehero). All individual bones are organs. Bones along with their cartilages make up the skeletal system. Bone makes up eighteen percent of the weight of a human body. There are two hundred six bones in the in the adult skeleton, more than half are found in both the hands and feet. The functions of a bone are support,…