Molecule

Introduction Molecular orbital theory allows for the relation between the nature of chemical bonds and the properties of molecules.1 Many times, the frontier molecular orbitals, named HOMO and LUMO, are analyzed in order to predict these properties. In this lab, each double bond corresponds to a molecular orbital. The HOMO, or highest occupied molecular orbital is the most energetic (highest n-value) orbital that contains an electron. The n-value is equal to the number of double bonds present.…

water. It is a chemical procedure in which an atom is severed into two sections by the expansion of a molecule of water. One piece of the parent particle picks up a hydrogen particle (H + ) from the extra water atom. The other gathering gathers the rest of the hydroxyl gathering (OH − ). Dehydration- is the reduction of water level in the body of an organism. 41. nucleic acid Nucleic acids are molecules that enable life forms to exchange hereditary data starting with one era then onto the next.…

I.1- INTRODUCTION: Conformational analysis is the study of the energy change, a molecule undergoes, as it rotates about one or more single bonds. The conformations of a molecule are those arrangements in space of the atoms which are not superimposeable upon each other. The basic idea behind conformational analysis is that molecules will have certain physical and chemical and thermodynamic properties that are dependent on the preferred conformations. in the modern chemistry, where it can…

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE No person in this world born with particular desire to do something extraordinary. However, soon after his thought process is maturing, he just inclined over something spontaneously. I am also on the same trend hence, my thought process was quite dissipated till I get admitted department of pharmaceutical science at the University of Dhaka, best institution of Bangladesh. During my undergraduate studies, I gained the comprehensive understanding of chemical processes inside…

the size of atoms and molecules in solids and liquids were estimated by using the cubical and spherical atomic model. The former model was used in a simple experiment that calculated the displacement in water and in this case, Aluminum and Copper were used. The spherical model was performed by finding the amount of amount of empty space within a sample of Lead shot. The molecular size in liquids and solids was found by calculating the density and molecular size of water molecules. Finally, the…

thus giving the amino group a positive charge. Next, a small amount of decolorizing carbon was added to the solution and filtered. The decolorizing carbon caused the solution to turn a dark brown color. The decolorizing carbon absorbed the nonpolar molecules in the solution, that is, the p-Phenetidine compounds in which the amino groups did not gain an additional proton from the previous reaction. Next, the solution was filtered in a Hirsh funnel. Then, acetic anhydride was added to the filtered…

Stereochemistry (Reaction of Haloalkanes) Stereoisomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but they are different in the special arrangement. Stereoisomers fall into two main categories Geometric isomers- This is further subdivided into cis and trans isomers. Optical Isomers In this section, we will discuss the optical isomers and how their involvement in the reactions of haloalkanes. Optical Isomers Optical isomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but they differ in…

This substantial distinction prompts to the loss of an electron from the less electronegative particle and the pickup of that electron by the more electronegative molecule, bringing about two particles. These oppositely charged particles feel a fascination in each other, and this electrostatic fascination constitutes an ionic bond. Ionic holding happens between a nonmetal, which goes about as an electron acceptor, and a metal, which goes about as an electron contributor. Metals have few valence…

Free radicals form when weak bonds split. They need to be stable so they react very fast with other compounds. When the free radical attacks a molecule, it takes an electron, which turns that molecule into a free radical. It is like the domino effect. The body may also create free radicals on its own. It creates them in small amounts so it’s not very harmful to the body. Harmful things in the environment will also create them. The body is only able to handle a certain number of free radicals…

charge. The water molecules also have partial charges because the oxygen is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, pulling electrons toward itself, producing a partial negative charge with a resultant partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms. The charges between the sodium chloride and the water interact leading to a phenomenon known as solvolysis where the solute is interacting with the solvent molecules too much to reassociate to each other5. So, the sodium chloride molecules are…