Molecule

title, “The Conformation of the Steroid Nucleus,” which showed how organic molecules could be assigned a conformation according to the information that was given by chemical physicists. The physicist he worked with was Odd Hassel. They found that in molecules with fixed rings, there was a relationship between configuration and confirmation. Once the confirmations could be found for a molecule, the configuration of that molecule could be found. This is when the whole subject of conformational…

The catalytic effect and specificity of enzymes 1.Introductions to enzymes Enzymes are proteins that can react with their specific substrates to achieve an highly effective catalyst reaction. .Almost all cellular activities of enzymes involved in the process are required to improve efficiency. Similar to other non-biological catalysts，enzymes provides another reaction route requires lower activation energy (Ea) to increase the number of particles that have a kinetic energy of not less than…

The only new attractions between the alkane and the water molecules are Van der Waals forces. These forces do not release a sufficient amount of energy to compensate for the energy required to break the hydrogen bonds in water.; the alkane does not dissolve. http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Organic_Chemistry/Hydrocar…

into two molecules of pyruvate also known as pyruvic acid. This is the distribution of glucose occurred ATP molecules formed passes to the next stage of respiration. The energy used to break the sugar molecules is provided by two molecules of ATP. Since glycolysis proceeds more energy is released and the energy used to make four ATP molecules. From the above statement you can see that photosynthesis contributes only two molecules of ATP used in glycolysis, but the process gives four molecules of…

multiple theories about the origin of water on Earth, and all the theories suggest that the water come from outer space. The universe with all its extension has some common elements that are found. The atom found most of the universe is hydrogen, and a molecule often found in the universe is water. Water an earth and space is also found in the solid state that is ice.1 The best known theory about the origin of water on Earth suggests that the water came to Earth with comets. In the beginning,…

The bacterial cell has a protein, which is an enzyme that makes that hormone molecule. The cells then grow, releasing that molecule into the environment. The bacteria have a receptor on their cell surface that fits with that molecule it produced. When the molecule increases to a certain amount, it locks down into that receptor and information comes into the cells that tells the cells to turn on this collective behavior…

essential molecules in our bodies, such as proteins or nucleic acids. They may be microscopic, but their functions in our bodies are important. Background Information There is so much more to being “biological” than just being related to biology. Polymer Structure Biological polymers are large molecules composed of many similar smaller molecules linked together. The individual smaller molecules are called monomers. When small organic molecules are joined together, giant molecules are…

Polymerization is the process in which small molecules combine chemically to produce a large chain-like or network molecule (www.britannica.com). Through polymerization, a polymer is produced. A large number of small molecules react to produce a small number of large molecules. The reactant of polymerization is a monomer. Monomers, meaning "one part" or "one member," are small units that make up giant molecules (Exploring Giant Molecules). The product is a polymer. There are two main types of…

between the molecules, the molecular weight of the molecule, the geometry of the molecule, and the polar/non polar nature of the molecule. The three forces that exist between molecules (intermolecular forces) are dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. Dispersion forces arise from the random motions of electrons within a molecule. The fluctuations in electron density causes a temporary partial negative charge (dipole) and can repel electrons from a nearby molecule, inducing…

derived from living beings. They're the producers of the biosphere because they can release organic molecules. Most autotrophs get their energy from photosynthesis. They store their chemical energy in carbohydrate food molecules that they build themselves. Autotrophs are the ultimate source of organic compounds producing organic molecules and that's the direct link between autotrophs and organic molecules. All living organisms require constant input and output of free energy. Free energy can be…