Molecular dynamics

Genetically modified organisms also known as GMOs have been an area of hot debate over the last few years. In this article we will explore the arguments for and against GMOs and at the end dispel the fear-mongering and show that humanity has been modified organisms since the beginning of recorded human history; we are just much better and faster at it now than in the past 1,000s years. The goal in GMOs is to modify organisms (generally food stock such as livestock and extensive agriculture,…

Interactive Question 7.2 Cite some experimental evidence that indicates that membrane proteins drift. A good form of experimental evidence is Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching, aka FRAP. In the FRAP process, membrane proteins are labelled with a green fluorescent protein, and part of the plasma membrane is “bleached” with a laser, causing them to lose their fluorescence. The part that was bleached will eventually become fluorescent again, as molecules drift in by diffusion. How might…

The bacteria used in the experiment are Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella pneumonia. These all bacteria will be culture in the nutrient broth. The first stage is making Nutrient Broth. Weigh out 5.8 grams of nutrient broth powder. Dissolve completely the nutrient broth powder in beaker containing 200 ml of distilled or the deionise water. Then the mixture is transfers to the vials. Those vials are autoclave and sterilise at 1…

The role of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Gene therapy in medicine. PCR was developed by Kary Mullis in the 1980s. It is a method in which a single copy of DNA is amplified. Using this technique which has a specific sequences ,millions of copies of DNA can be produced. In this process, many other conditions including several enzymes and primers are involved. This application of PCR extent from research to the commercial sector. Denaturation:- The reaction mixture is heated up to…

primers' design (not shown). The nucleotide sequencing analysis presented a 1988-bp long gene (gene bank accession number: AB481200) and encoded a 595-amino acid peptide (gene bank accession number: BAH22706) (Fig. 1) with a computer-calculated molecular weight of 66.64-KDa. The protein has a signal peptide of 30 amino acids (Signal 3). The nucleotide sequence had 98.2 % identity with the sequence reported in the B. bigemina genome sequence at Sanger institute. The…

Introduction: LAB REPORT- Comparing and Discovering the Properties of Animal and Plant Cells INTRODUCTION: Scientists have developed classification units among livings. One of this classification types is kingdoms. It represents widely covered societies, including Animalia and Plantae. It is known that all livings are composed of cells, from the cell theory, so animals and plants also have a cell association. The cellular structures of animal and plants cells are clearly different. These…

Differential alternative splicing human tissue network analysis of GUK1 Result Figure 4.12: Visualisation of alternative splicing gene GUK1 in human tissues. Differential alternative splicing genes between two different tissues comparison were shown on a different visualisation platform and tools in comparison with network analysis. (A) rMATS analysis. Histogram shows inclusion level ψ, per sample for each tissue comparisons. In this case, only exon 3 found as statistically alternative…

Time plays a major role in the lives of most modern day Americans. Often so much of that time is spent at work, spent socializing, and even spent planning on how to spend your future time. With time being such a prominent part of our lives we are often thrown off and even angered when something clashes with our schedule. With our society being such a microwave society we want things to happen when we want them and how we want them and when there is an interference with that ideology or with our…

Article Comparisons to Southern (1975) Article One The article “Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis” (1975) by E.M. Southern focuses on the way that the fragments of DNA can be transferred from agarose based gels to cellulose nitrate filters. Then fragments themselves are hybridized to active RNA. E.M. Southern’s main influences for the investigation were the studies of Smith and Wilcox (1970), and Kelly and Smith (1970), which showed that the…

The world is constantly changing, therefore the way food is grown must change too. Companies are adding GMO’s or Genetically Modified Organisms to food without telling consumers. These Genetically Modified Organisms are used to help food grow and deal with the weather changes and parasites. Congress has passed a bill that requires companies to label products made with GMO’s. I think Congress made a smart decision to make companies label their products. People need to know what they are putting…