Molecular biology

vertebrate using variation in muscle proteins of different genera; Ostreidae , Teuthida, Pectinidae, Nephropidae, Caridea, Brachyura and Oncorhynchus. Introduction The fundamental core of all biology emanates from evolution, as the great evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky once said "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution"(1973). Therefore, studying the phylogenetic relationships of different organisms offers numerous advantages that go well beyond those of just…

and the variability inherent among the individual organisms making up a population. Evolution theory by natural selection is supported by evidence from a wide variety of scientific disciplines, including in the field of genetics and developmental biology. Over the centuries, human breeders have produced dramatic changes in domestic animal populations by selecting the desire individuals to breed. Breeders will eliminate those undesirable traits gradually over time. Therefore, the new breed…

With the genetic code now cracked, further advancements in molecular biology and biotechnology could now take place. The genetic code is universal so at the basic level it operates the same way throughout biology. It is used by cells in humans, plants, bacteria and all other species (Thieman & Palladino, 2004). Understanding genetics leads to a whole new array of tools and techniques…

It is fascinating how our complex biology allows each being to be adapted to Earth’s nature, providing remarkable talents to the human race. My awareness of the plentiful imperfections, such as genetic mutations, among our species has urged me to further my understanding of what causes these malfunctions and the consequent events that follow. Hence, my subject of choice complements my desire to reveal the methods by which ordered assemblies of molecular sequences drive such incredible beings to…

INTRODUCTION Evolution of Development is best described as a field of Biology that compares the developmental processes of different organisms to determine the ancestral relationship between them, and to discover how developmental processes evolved. Whereas Species Development is the genetic switches that allow different structures to develop in different regions of an embryo, which could also give rise to major morphological differences among species. Everyday new species are being discovered…

Importance of Microbes Introduction It was long ago when Man realized that, along with animals and plants, he was also accompanied by some other organisms as well, and though which remained hidden from his eyes. Those organisms were unveiled by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, who first saw the tiny organisms which accompanied Man through the lenses of microscope. Later it was found out that microorganisms inhabited each and every surface of earth, on man himself, or even inside him, resided under the…

Fruit flies (Drosophila Melanogaster – Figure 1) have been a model system for research on all levels of biology. Their small size, relatively cheap pricing, and short lifespans make them easy to care for and breed. More importantly, the fruit fly genome is completely sequenced, with 77% of searched human genetic disease genes matching 548 unique drosophila gene sequences (Reiter et al., 2001). This relationship between the genome of fruit flies and that of humans ensures fruit flies are…

Throughout my school career, I have always been exploding with questions about the ins and outs of the natural world and as I have gotten older, this fascination has developed into a curiosity for life at a molecular level. It blows my mind how such complex organisms function as a result of the instructions from the tiny molecule that is DNA; how can it not fascinate you how an entire organism is dictated by the sequence of 4 singles bases? The content this degree will cover, for me, is really…

variability of human behavior. Many scientists believe that genetic discoveries will turn out to be the most significant accomplishments of the twentieth century. For them, when all the genes containing human chromosomes have been mapped, a new era in biology,…

Future researches with Drop gene could establish a treatment for craniosynostosis or relieve the severe symptoms of this disorder (Mozer, 2001). This big similarity gives an opportunity to researchers discoverer mutations in genes related to human biology, such as neural development, eye formation (shape and color), overall body development, among other things. Besides carrying only four chromosomes, the fruit fly has revealed to be a key element in Genetic’s studies and only enhance discovery…