Molecular biology

The technique used in this experiment was serum protein electrophoresis to determine the levels of proteins in cow serum. The objective of this experiment is to perform a gel electrophoresis of cow serum by agarose gel electrophoresis and to interpret the banding patterns produced by the migration of the serum. Electrophoresis is the shift of ions in an electric field in which the protein moves in the gel based on size as well as in electric charge. The electrophoretic mobility of small…

The objective of this experiment was to gain a further understanding of gel electrophoresis, and to determine the denatured weights of unknown proteins using SDS gel. Hypothesis: If gel electrophoresis is conducted on unknown proteins, then the molecular weight can be determined by the distance travelled through the SDS gel compared to the standard. Methodology: The experiment begins with the denaturing of the proteins through heating by test tubes as well as SDS buffer. This is accomplished…

Abstract Plasmids are circular clusters of DNA that carry valuable genes that help a host survive. The process of transformation can occur and the genetic material of the cell can be altered with a plasmid. However, the cell must be competent so it has the ability to take in DNA from the environment in order for transformation to occur properly. The E.Coli was treated with CaCl2 in order for the cell to be competent. The presence or absence of ampicillin is used to test the E.Coli’s competence…

The experiment aims to test the hypothesis that was raised in the last 60 years of the transformation principle by Avery, MacLeod and McCarty whom used the pneumococcal types. However, in this experiment the E.coli cells were used to determine the transformation principle. The strains were mixed properly with various enzymes under certain conditions of which cells can adapt, the participation of enzymes- Lysozymes, DNAse, protease and RNAse, and a buffer indicate the polymer in the cell that is…

With the onset of television shows like CSI and NCIS, people have their own views of how the Criminal Justice System uses and obtains forensic evidence. One of the main issues with the media influence today is how people assume that forensics in the real world is exactly like the shows that portray it. “If people’s reactions to crime and criminals are generally shaped by the mass media, then it seems reasonable to assume that public reactions to criminal cases are shaped by shows like CSI”…

GMO Background What is a GMO? A genetically modified organism, or a GMO is created by manipulating the plant or animal’s DNA so that it holds certain desirable traits. The process of gene splicing allows the desirable genetic material to become part of the organism’s DNA, thus giving it the name, a genetically modified organism. These organisms are created for both agricultural purposes as well as scientific research. What are the most common types of GMOs? The two main genetically modified…

Exploring Bacterial Transformation Ian Nall BIO 181 | Section #73116 | Wednesday 1:30-4:15pm Abstract This experiment was designed to test the properties of bacterial transformation. The bacteria used was E. coli, the protein being added to it is called Green Fluorescent Protein or GFP from a jellyfish the Aequorea victoria. The GFP, in the form of a plasmid called pGLO, was added to a sample of E. coli and a control was created of E. coli without it. The E. coli was then placed…

The analysis of genetic markers for identification of biological evidential material in forensic science began with ABO blood group serology in the early part of the 20th century. The appreciation that individual genetic variation could be used to exclude suspected individuals from criminal activity propelled the analysis of other gene products including isozyme and polymorphic protein determination by slab gel electrophoresis. Forensic DNA analysis was introduced in the 1980s and became…

Introduction: In this lab experimentation, the group conducted Deoxyribonucleic acid isolation and restriction analysis on a plasmid from Escherichia coli cells. Plasmids are small circular DNA that are in the bacterium cells. Escherichia coli is a gram- negative bacterium that is known for variable reaction to antibiotics, and can be genetically manipulated. The gram- negative bacterium, Escherichia coli can be genetically manipulated by extracting a certain plasmid that allows it to resist…

Bacteria often contain plasmids, plasmids are circular, double stranded DNA that is not part of the nuclear DNA. Plasmids usually contain genes that code for several traits. Genetic transformation relies on inserting a gene that codes for a new trait in to the plasmid. For this lab, genetic transformation is the insertion of a new DNA in to E.coli cells, the pGLO plasmid was genetically engineered to carry the green fluorescent protein and a gene that codes for a protein that gives the bacteria…