Molecular beam epitaxy

Agarose gel electrophoresis is a lab technique that is used to separate and identify DNA and RNA according to the size of the individual molecule fragments. It has many common uses in modern molecular biology such as separation of restriction enzymes, analysis of PCR results, the number of DNA in a sample, DNA sequencing, DNA finger printing, and forensic science. The basis behind agarose gel electrophoresis is manipulating the highly negative charge held by DNA. When placed in an electric…

plot of relative mobility versus the log of molecular mass of the proteins had a linear regression of y = -1.925 + 2.25 and is shown in Figure 5. This was then used to determine the molecular mass of alkaline phosphatase from the observed relative mobility. The molecular mass was found to be 77.264 kDa. FIGURE 5. Relative Mobility vs log of Molecular Mass. This plot shows the relative mobility of each protein on the ladder versus the log of molecular weight had a linear regression of y =…

Introduction: Forensics is involved with the field of law. It involves the collection, preservation, and analysis of evidence found at a crime scene that is needed to be investigated for further information to be obtained. For the science involved in forensics is in the DNA left behind by suspects or victims. The DNA could be found in different forms such as fingerprints, cells such as blood, skin or hair. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material, with the use of enzymes for…

The folding mechanism of knotted/slipknotted protein has become a challenging question over the last two decades.(10, 89, 90, 95, 99, 100, 173-175) Understanding how those proteins fold would be a great proceeding of the field of protein folding. Recent advances on protein folding shed light on this question using both experimental and computational methods. .(10, 89, 90, 95, 99, 100, 173-175) Most experimental studies on the folding of knotted protein have been limited to bulk experiments.(84,…

analyzed to determine if this transposable sequence was in equilibrium or not, with the frequency for having the sequence being ‘p’ and the frequency for not having the sequence being ‘q’, on each allele. Results – The class population in the 2016 Molecular class showed that the frequency for the Alu allele in the PV92 region of chromosome 16 was low (Table 2), and that most of the population was homozygous (-/-) for this particular sequence (Table 1). The population deviated from the…

bind to the DNA but tracks the DNA during electrophoresis while the Syber-Safe DNA stain will bind to DNA and will help visualize the DNA under UV light. The purpose of a molecular ladder in gel electrophoresis is to serve as a reference to approximate the size of the unknown DNA molecules through LoggerPro software. The molecular ladder is used to determine unknown DNA fragments by using known DNA fragment size as…

Caenorhabditis elegans C. elegans is a nematode worm that considers as one of the simplest multicellular model organism. It is a free-living soil animal that feeds on microbes in decaying plant environments while in vitro, it mainly feeds on bacterial lawn (40). Sydney Brenner has proposed C. elegans as an experimental model organism and it has been used in biological fields, it played a huge role in the understanding and development in the knowledge about multicellular organisms since 1960s (8)…

2.5.5 Western blotting Western blotting was done to separate and identify the size of proteins that react with a specific antibody. After the proteins was transferred onto the PVDF membrane, it was incubated in 5% blocking solution for 1 h at room temperature with constant swirling with belly dancer (Storall Life Science). The blocking of the membrane is to prevent the nonspecific binding of the detection antibodies during next step. After that, washing of membrane was done by using 0.05% TBST…

Transformation is the process in which cell incorporates and expresses a new piece of genetic material derived from another organism. This new genetic information provides the organism with a new trait which is identifiable after transformation. Transformation is used in many areas of biotechnology, including mass production of proteins. For example, a healthy human gene for the hormone insulin can be put into bacteria. Under the right conditions, these bacteria can make authentic human insulin.…

Eukaryotic organism such as drosophila have been used extensively to demonstrate the classical Mendelian laws because they are inexpensive and abundant in genetic variations due to a small number of chromosomes. The purpose of this lab was to determine the phenotypic ratio for monohybrid and dihybrid crosses using drosophila. In a monohybrid cross, a single trait (eye color) is crossed in the organism and in a dihybrid cross,two different traits (eye color and wings) are crossed for a…