Mitral valve

The types of murmurs fall under two general categories such as systolic and diastolic. Identifying when the murmur is heard is crucial in determining if it is diagnostic or systolic. Different types of murmurs may indicate different conditions or can be a common difference between adults and children. For example, the venous hum murmur is essentially “blood flow returning from the head and arms through the large veins in the upper chest can be heard. This murmur will commonly disappear if the…

Atrial Fibrillation can range from 400-500 BPM. On an EKG the Atrial Fibrillation looks like small irregular complexes that are hard to interpret because the P waves can’t be identified. Some causes of AF are myocardial infarction, hypertension, mitral valve disease, heart failure, thyroid disorders, pulmonary emboli and alcohol…

nutrients to cells and removing carbon dioxide and waste from the cells (Anatomy of the Heart, 2015). The blood is moved away from the heart through arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. It is carried back to the heart by venules and veins. The tricuspid valve controls blood…

blood that has O2 in it away from the heart under high pressure with a small diameter and it has thick muscular walls, and veins take the blood back to the heart under low pressure it has a medium thickness to it and a large diameter because it has valves to stop the blood flowing backwards. Capillaries is one cell thick so it can take the blood to and from the muscle tissue. Small arteries branch into even smaller vessels which are called arterioles, which channels the blood flow into…

ultrasound. At that time, M-mode began to be seen as a useful tool for pediatric cardiologists. Pediatric cardiologists were able to decipher how to follow the course of a patent ductus arteriosus closure, estimate cavity size, prove mitral valve obstruction, and estimate valve gradients using only M-mode (Noonan, 2004). Two-dimensional echocardiographs and color-flow Doppler developed in the 1980s, and made a big difference in pediatric cardiology. Before the development of ultrasound,…

chambers or “rooms”. The atria, are the two upper chambers that collect blood as it flows into the heart, and the ventricles are the two lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart to the lungs or other parts of the body. It has four valves, the tricuspid valves is in the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and the…

Atrioventricular valves, or AV valves, are located between the atria and ventricles. Between the right atrium and right ventricle, the tricuspid valves exist; and the mitral valve separates the left atrium and left ventricle. Chordae Tendineae, which are attached to the AV valves and anchored to the papillary muscles, allow one-way flow by preventing eversion of the valves. Semilunar valves separate the ventricles from the arterial system. The aortic valve separates the left ventricle…

Out of the many cardiovascular diseases that exist today, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is the most common. CHF is the failure of the heart to distribute adequate blood supply back to the body through the heart. The heart muscle is weakened and is no longer able to pump blood back through the heart and often becomes enlarged due to the workload it must take on. When the heart begins to fail, the lungs also tend to suffer. The lungs can fill with blood; which is known as pulmonary congestion.…

interatrial septum and the interventricular septum divides the right and left ventricles. There are atrial-ventricular junctions that differentiate between the atriums and ventricles which contains atrioventricular valves. These valves, known as the tricuspid valve on the right side and mitral valve on the left side, are present to prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atrium. Three veins are connected to the right atrium – the superior vena cava, the inferior vena cava, and the coronary…

50% to 65%, fatigue, dependent edema, and jugular vein distention (AHA, 2017; Bozkurt et al., 2016; Porth, 2015). Disease progression will manifest itself in dizziness, lightheadedness and fainting spells, arrhythmias, chest pain and murmurs; mitral valve regurgitation and stasis of blood leads to thrombus formation and embolic seeding, and sudden death is possible if no heart transplant can be obtained (AHA, 2017; Porth, 2015). Treatment is directed toward symptom management and disease…