Mitosis

Environmental Control of Sex Determination in Ceratoteris richardii Gametophytes Christine Robson April 14th, 2016 Lab Section 2010: Thursday; 9:30am Professor Gibbons James Madison University Introduction: Sex determination in organisms can be controlled by either the inheritance of sex chromosomes or environmental conditions. In many organisms, the sex of a developing embryo is determined by the inheritance of sex chromosomes that contain genetic information which…

Science and the arts have been intertwined for a long time and have more in common than one would think. Both science and art are human attempts to understand and describe the world around us. Mediums, methods, and intended audiences are different, but the motivations and goals are essentially the same. The artist who mix their own paint, study the effects of color and learn how to perceive light is considered scientist. Through humans scientific understanding is as extravagant as it has ever…

How did our lives start off? We know that we were able to grow from a zygote because of the cell cycle and mitosis, but what happened before that? Well, the very beginning stages of our lives starts with fertilization. In fertilization, reproductive cells, sperm and egg, fuse together. These reproductive cells carry half of their genetic information, so when they fuse, the result will be the complete genetic information of the offspring. We were given instructions and materials in order to…

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, is that Prokaryotes have smaller cells and Eukaryotes have larger, Eukaryotes is multicellular, the DNA is circular in Prokaryotes, Ribosomes wise the Eukaryote is larger, the cell division for Eukaryotes are by Meiosis and Mitosis, Prokaryotes have variety of metabolic pathways, reproduction is always asexual for Prokaryotes but for Eukaryotes is asexual or sexual and also has cytoskeleton but Prokaryote does not have.…

Introduction Vincrestine is a plant alkaloid, obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle cathanthus roeus. Before it was used for cancer treatment, the natives of Madagascar used it for the treatment of diabetes and high blood pressure. Structure of Vincrestine: Vincristine has two monomer alkaloid parts, catharanthrine and vindoline, with a formyl group on the indole nitrogen of the vindoline skeleton. Formula C46H56N4O10 Disease it Targets: Vincristine is used to treat various types of cancer.…

During interphase, a cell takes in nutrients in order to grow, and divide its chromosomes. While in the cell division phase, the nucleus divides by mitosis,where the separated nuclei establish separate cells in a process called cytokinesis. Unlike cells, viruses attach themselves to their host and infect them with their own genetic code, spreading and “reproducing” within them. Without the presence of…

a thick membrane consisting of several cell layers, the basal cells are cuboidal/columnar and metabolically active, the surface cells are flat, in the keratinized form, the surface cells are full of keratin and dead, the basal cells are active in mitosis and create the cells of the more superficial layers. Its function is to protect underlying tissues in areas that may be harmed. A non-keratinized form can be located in moist linings of the esophagus, mouth, vagina, urethra, and anus. However, a…

As the largest organelle, and the first to be discovered [1], the nucleus is the control center of the cell. Given its name by Scottish Botanist, Robert Brown, the nucleus is responsible for all cellular processes in eukaryotic cells and usually fills approximately 10% of the cell's volume [1]. The reason for this organelle's large size is because of the DNA it contains. In fact, each human contains approximately six feet of DNA which is tightly packed and highly organized by proteins, the…

A single cell cannot grow larger and larger indefinitely because on a cellular level and metabolic level, a cell requires essential provisions, cell-to-cell communication, and transport of molecules/nutrients. The outside of a cell grows slower than the inside of a cell. If a single cell were to continuously grow the outside layer of the cell would not be able to keep up. The larger a cell is, the more difficult it is to transport nutrients and oxygen from outside of the cell into the inside of…

interior parts of the nucleolus which takes place through an arrangement of nucleolar passages. The passages allow macromolecules to be easily transported throughout the nucleolus. The nucleolus has a robust structure and as the cell is entering mitosis, it…