Mineralogy

Although the regolith represents an important economic resource (Wright et al., 1985; Taylor and Eggleton, 2001), it also acts as a hindrance to exploration for mineral deposits under cover (Anand, 2016; Salama et al., 2016) and geological mapping in general. The term regolith refers to all of the weathered and/or unconsolidated material from basement rock to earth surface including interbedded fresh rocks (Taylor and Eggleton, 2001). Tardy (1997) estimates that nearly one third of the area of…

Multi-stage fracturing is an advanced drilling technology that enhances the production capabilities through maximizing the contact area of unconventional wells with the reservoir production zones. During the fracturing process, a special fluid (primarily a mixture of sand and water) is blown out at a high pressure into the shale rock formation creating channels through which hydrocarbons can easily migrate to the well. Multi-stage fracturing is a combination of fracturing and plugging processes.…

This paper is an overview of dawn mission which was launched in September 2007 by NASA to study two of the large bodies in the asteroid belt and these protoplanets are Vesta and Ceres. The dawn mission was a mission that was designed to travel to the center of the main asteroid belt to orbit and study two of the largest belt asteroid and those belt asteroids are Vesta and Ceres. Dawn was not only sent to study and understand the present states of Vesta and Ceres, and it was also sent there to…

Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France on December 27th in 1822. He was the son of Jean Pasteur and Jeanne-Etiennette Roqui. His father was a poorly educated tanner, who had high hopes for his son to excel in his education. * Pasteur gave a significant impact to the world of scientific research through his numerous contributions. Earlier in his life, Pasteur worked as a chemist, and dealt with the specific nature of tartaric acid. Tartaric acid is a type of acid that occurs naturally in many…

The Medal of Freedom is a very important honor to receive. It is the highest civilian honor given in the United States. The award is given to people who make an influential contribution to American society. One person who shows these expectations is Horace Hayden. Horace Hayden, born on October 13, 1769, was one of the first, most successful people in dentistry (Pierre Fauchard Academy). He discovered many ideas, theories, and concepts that are still useful today for many dentists, hygienist,…

Introduction On September 12, and October 3, 2016, we stopped at 6 locations north of Northampton in the Deerfield Basin of the Connecticut River Valley (Figure 1). The purpose of these stops is to examine rocks, interpret depositional environments for each rock formation, and discuss the geologic history of the Deerfield Basin based on observations and interpretations. Early Mesozoic lithospheric extension led to the development of a long sequence of rift basins. The Deerfield basin is the…

Introduction William Morris Davis was born on February 12, 1850. His father Edward M. Davis was a Philadelphia businessman with interests in railroads, mines, and the textile trade and his motherMaria (Mott) Davis was the daughter of Lucretia Mott, advocate of women’s rights and a strong opponent of slavery. Davis earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in engineering from Harvard. From 1870 to 1873 he worked in meteorological observatory in Argentina and then returned to Harvard to study…

Trans-Pecos Province Magma Types Nathanial Matis 01/12/2014 Trans-Pecos Province Magma Types Nathanial Matis Abstract The Cretaceous was the starting point when the Laramide Orogeny began to fault and fold as a result of tectonic activity which pushed the Farallon plate into the North American plate forcing the subduction of the Farallon. This subduction caused the plate to melt and form magma that either formed laccoliths, or intruded country rock with different igneous compositions. These…

distinctive traits and soil characteristics. Forests soils give important contributions in nitrogen and phosphorus transformations. These transformations are dependable on the weather conditions of the forest and the type of vegetation it contains. Soil mineralogy and organic matter also play an important role in the nitrogen and phosphorus transformations on the forest floor. Boreal forests are the second largest biome and make up 33% of the world forest cover. These forests are unique due…

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Mars Exploration Rover Mission (MER) is an ongoing space exploration mission of the planet Mars utilising two robotic rovers named Spirit and Opportunity launched on June 10 and July 7, 2003, respectively from Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA [1]. The mission’s primary goal is to “Determine Whether Life Ever Arose on Mars” (NASA) through the search for clues in soils and rocks that suggest past water activity on the planet’s surface. The…