The assay was performed as described in section 3.2.2.2. P4 concentrations were analysed in spent culture media for cells cultured for 48, 96 and 144 hr in the present of melatonin 0, 20, 200 and 2000 pg/ml under both 5% O2 and air condition. Samples were diluted 100 fold in PBS and analysed in duplicate with standard (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20ng/ml), blank and quality control. To avoid variation among plates, all samples were run together. Inter and intra assay % CV was (11.1) and (5.1) respectively. 4.2.3.2 Oestradiol…
chamber (Stemcell Technologies, Canada) that was gassed with anoxic gas mixture of 5% CO2 and 95% N2 for 5 min [Zeng et al. 2012]. Control cell cultures were maintained in a normal oxygenated DMEM containing 25 mM glucose. After various time intervals, cell cultures were placed back to the normoxic condition with normal culture medium. For concurrent treatment, human APC (Haematologic Technologies Inc, USA) was present in the culture medium during OGD and reoxygenation; for control, only vehicle…
However, according to this paper, some of the limitations of ELISA based testing are the hourly delay; the time in which antigen binds to the coated antibodies. The excessive use of reagents to coat and wash the 96-well plate, and the 96-well plates it is self where the assay is performed on. Therefore, this article introduces 3D printing platforms for ELISA 96-well plates. With 3D plates, sensitivity of the assay increased as well as antibody binding time to the 96-well plates bay 2 to 3 folds…
The region is tectonically characterized by the ~6 kilometer thick oceanic Nazca plate subducting underneath the continental South American plate at a convergence azimuth of ~ 78 ͦ and at a rate of 6.6 centimeters per year making the area one of the most active convergent margins on earth, typically experiencing a Mw > 8 earthquake every 10 – 20 years (Moscoso, et.al., 2011). Notable quakes in recent history include the 1960 Mw = 9.5 Valdivia earthquake which was the largest ever recorded,…
The gas generation is due to E. coli metabolic processes that generates acid and changing the turbidity. 2. The Membrane Filtration Method did work as well. MF method can replace the MNP test for microbiological analysis of water sample. After the incubation of the mEndo plate for 24 hours it is perceptible the grown of E. coli colonies across the plate. The results of this method are shown in the figure 4. As it was used mEndo, just the E. coli colonies form bright green colonies with a…
discussion with the class. Ask if any students have ideas why the earths outer layer is constantly changing. Lesson: (20 minutes) This lesson will teach the student about fault lines and boundaries where two separate tectonic plates meet, and why volcanoes are formed. Begin with a brief introduction of the theory of plate tectonics. Explain to the class that plate…
towards the discontinuity. Over a period of time the chunks build up and sink into the lower part of the mantle or “slab avalanche”. This is where the mantle will compensate for the drop of the crust and push it up somewhere else. This creates those plumes or superplumes. Volcanism is a big part of the supercontinents, and plate tectonics are even more. Plate tectonics are well understood from when pangaea was around, but anything further than that, we don’t know. Ways to show that the…
obscured by clouds. Some tornadoes develop so rapidly that there is little advance warning possible. In some occasions the air will become very still and the winds may die down. If the tornado is not visible, a cloud of debris can mark the location of it. Behind a tornado, it is not uncommon to see clear unlit skies. Earthquakes are one of the most destructive and terrifying phenomena of nature with its terrible after effects. An earthquake is the fast rapid shake of the earth. This is…
Jared Diamond explores the history of the world from a unique view. An ecologist and evolutionary biologist himself, he was not particularly trained to examine the world in the way an anthropologist would. This book, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Society, delves into the known world and societies within it, at least as of 1997. Diamond wanted to uncover why history unfolded differently on the different continents over the last 13 thousand years, but more importantly he wanted to…
This paper examples the formation of the Deccan traps, the Deccan continental flood basalt, and present day Indian. Its first provides a brief background on what the Deccan Traps are and the history of their geologic integrity. The proof is explained through scientists seismic tomographic models and the evolution of the Indian plate, the Reunion island hotspot, and the evolution of lithospheric mantle structure. Keywords: deccan, mantle, plate, hotspot, reunion, reconstructions.…