Microscopy

mysterious single-celled organism works, it had to be given a proper scientific name. Analysis of its cellular structure and genetic profile showed that it is most closely related to organisms assigned to the genus Katablepharis. However, electron microscopy revealed certain quirky features that are not consistent with Katablepharis classification. These features include a compressed-oval cellular shape, an unmistakable crawling motion, and a feeding structure composed…

oocytes. This transfer is a phenomenon that has yet to be explained. She and her research team founded that the egg-yolk protein vitellogenin is the carrier of immune elictors⁴. She and her team used honey bee model system, and demonstrated with microscopy and western blotting that vitellogenin binds to bacteria, in Paenibacillus larve, which is the gram positive bacteria found in foulbrood disease, and also Escherichia coli, which is the negative bacteria. Her and her team then validated that…

envelope[2]. CMV invade cells by fusing its glycoprotein from the envelop with the cell membrane, and releasing its tegument and DNA into the cell[2]. When CMV infect cells, a formation of distinctive inclusion called “owl’s eyes” can be observed through microscopy[1]. Glycoprotein B (gB) of the virion envelope is responsible for fusion of infected cells and host-cell entry and cell-to-cell transmission[3]. Upon infection, viral lytic gene expression induces replication of the DNA and form…

acquiring technical expertise in a wide variety of experimental approaches including use of genetically engineered mouse models of CCA, and patient derived xenografts of CCA (PDX). She will also become adept at cell biology approaches including confocal microscopy coupled with computer-based 3-D image reconstruction, expression and use of fluorescence-based bioprobes, gene silencing and editing technology, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical approaches, and culture of human CCA organoids.…

In the introduction to their study, Croxdale et al. (1997) speculate that tubers would grow misshapen and unpredictably without the influence of gravity. Resulting measurement and microscopy studies revealed no significant differences in size, shape, or appearance between space and Earth grown tubers. The space-grown tubers contained a greater percentage of less mature, spherical starch grains and fewer, larger, more mature elongated…

2.2. Methods 2.2.1. Preparation of econazole nitrate nanoparticles The econazole nanoparticles were prepared by nano-spray drying technique. Weighed amounts of econazole nitrate, carriers and stabilizers (table 1) were dissolved in ethanol (10 ml) followed by spraying through the Buchi® nano-spray dryer B-90 (Büchi Labortechnik, Switzerland). The nano-spray dryer was operated using inert loop B-295 system (Büchi Labortechnik AG, Flawil, Switzerland) operated using nitrogen gas with flow rate of…

The progress of nanotechnology has encouraged scientists to continuously pursue new electrode materials for constructing an enhanced electrochemical platform for sensing. In this study, hydrothermally-assisted reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) was synthesized using an environment friendly reducing agent in optimum time to easily exfoliate coating solution and substitute on the microelectrode. Series connected distributed sensing electrodes were fabricated and patterned with TRGO added platinum…

are additional traits an art authenticator must have. First, art authenticators must learn how to operate the lab equipment. As mentioned above, a few of the machines might include a spectrophotometer, the machines that preform the polarized light microscopy, the Raman spectroscopy, the infrared spectroscopy, and the scanning electron microscope. They…

binding of the two chains is caused by the hydrophobic motif created from the mutated 6th amino acid in the hemoglobin [1]. The resulting red blood cell becomes dehydrated and deoxygenated and loses it’s biconcave shape. By using transmission electron microscopy, it is evident that sickle shaped cells have groupings of fibers that run along the long axis of the cell [9]. The fibres, which have a rope like structure, are made of 14 polymer strands [9]. Unlike erythrocytes, sickle cells differ in…

When external antigen causes disease by infection, cell-mediated immune response in our body acts as basal defense system against exogenous pathogen. Native and adoptive immune system has established to attack infected cell by recognizing major histocompatibility complex (MHC). There are two major lymphocytes related to killing effect called cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells.[1], CTLs and NK cells recognize peptide epitope present on MHC class I to find infected cell.…