Microscopy

Theodore Alvin Holtzburg was born October 20th 1925 in Far Rockaway located in New York. He was born into a devout jewish family, after a small while the family moved to Washington Heights in upper Manhattan for reasons unknown. He was quite the smart boy and graduated from high school when he was just fourteen. As Theodore was growing up he was affected by the Fascism in Europe and like many others that were Jewish were sympathetic to the socialist party. While still a boy he and his brother…

In this proposal, we report the design of two bioanalytical sensors: (1) a fluorescence optrode-based optical fiber sensor and (2) a carbon-based optically transparent electrode. The first provides a means for spatially organizing microorganisms to monitor their social behavior in response to different chemical environments. The electrode sensor enables the detection of signaling molecules that are responsible for, or a consequence of, sociomicrobial behavior. Upon their completion, these…

Chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic chemical compounds due to the common use of chromium compounds in industry in addition to its natural sources (Costa et al., 2003). Exposure to chromium occurs via contaminants found in drinking water and food, through air containing particulates or mists of hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) compounds, or through skin contact with soil at hazardous waste sites (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2013). Cr (VI) may be found in drinking water…

Part One: Conductive behaviour of graphene/carbon nanotube and graphene oxide/ carbon nanotube hybrid materials Experimental Introduction Although many CNTs and graphene based electrodes have been developed with outstanding properties, drawbacks are still noticeable using some methods. For instance, EPD method commonly produces unsatisfied CNTs film strength and on the other hand, CVD technique is costly. Moreover, graphene based electrodes needs lots of labour works which is time consuming…

2. Experimental Section 2.1 Materials Victrex PEEK (grade 450G), purchased by Victrex PLC (England) was used as the base polymer. Kynar flex 2801, PVDF-HFP (11-12% of hexafluoropropylene copolymer) was supplied by Arkema, Japan. Organically modified nanoclay, C 30B with a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 90 meq/100 g was procured from M/s Southern clay Products. Conc.H2SO4 (98% pure) used as sulfonating agent was supplied by Merck lab grade. The catalysts, Pt black for the cathode and Pt/Ru…

exposure to heat, especially at high temperatures, the chemical properties of bone alter and structural integrity is impaired or lost. This results from evaporation, organic degradation, and transformation of inorganic matrix. Scanning Electron Microscopy The investigation of the surface morphology (Fig. 5A) of bone using a scanning electron microscope gave more details about the state of the surface [22]. According to Abdel-Maksoud [22] the modern bone has a clearly…

embryos are suitable to use as a model system to perform chemical biology experiments effectively in educational sites. In this experiment, we studied the effect of caffeine on heartbeat rate and other phenotypes of zebrafish embryos using visual microscopy and simple imaging. A small drop for concentrations of caffeine in embryo medium caused an amount-dependent decrease in heartbeat rate in 2-3-day-old zebrafish embryos, finally resulting in complete heartbeat stop. We observed the decrease…

Rhabdomyosarcoma, also know as RMS, is a type of sarcoma in which cancer cells form a muscle tissue. There are three main types this disease has, Embryonal, Alveolar, and Anaplastic. There is also stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV. There are treatments for RMS but it's all depending on the area, type, and stage of the cancer, survival rates will also fall under that. As far as symptoms, it can be very difficult to find early stages, since RMS mostly diagnosed in children younger than 5…

Pneumocystis pneumonia represents a potentially life-threatening infection caused by a fungal microorganism Pneumocystis jiroveci. Initially observed in premature and malnourished infants, Pneumocystis pneumonia is today one of the most frequent opportunistic infections in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As nonspecific symptoms are often hindering timely diagnosis, one of the most important diagnostic tools for Pneumocystis pneumonia is a high level of clinical…

Porter et al., 1945 using cells derived from chick embryos tissues with the aid of electron microscopy examined into detail the structural outline of the cell and organelles including: mitochondrion, Golgi Bodies and endoplasmic reticulum (Porter et al., 1945). This then created an avenue for enquiry into how these compartments within the cell…