Microorganism

World renowned scientist Alexander Fleming said, “It is the lone worker who makes the first advance in a subject, the details may be worked out by a team, but the prime idea is due to enterprise, thought, and perception of an individual” (“Alexander”). Following his own advice, Fleming noticed something inhibiting bacterial growth in his petri dish and extracted the substance. Fleming discovered penicillin, the world’s first antibiotic that would eventually save countless numbers of lives…

iv. To prevent similar incidence from re-occurring, what mitigation steps will you suggest? There are a lot of mitigation steps to prevent the similar incident from re-occurring. The first one is by improving the areas of infection control, written protocols, and appropriate training in the sterile technique to ensure a good practice. Other than that, designing the optimal sink design requirement for clinical microbiology laboratories to reduce transmission and infection at the sink. The last…

The rapid industrial and suburban growth that Chicago exhibit during the turn of the century can easily be seen from its skyscrapers and gridded roads to its booming economy and population. However, beneath the surface lurks a problem that hints at just how far the windy city still must go through to achieve its grand status as one of the world’s great cities. Much like Chicago, across the pond Manchester experienced a lot of the same issues. Plagued with problems Chicago and Manchester had…

The purpose of this report is to investigate the following observations; Euglena is a unicellular organism in the kingdom of Protista, the cells are both autotrophic and heterotrophic which means if there is no food source but there is a light source they will fall on their autotroph tendencies through photosynthesis while if there is a food source but no true light source they will fall on their heterotroph tendencies. Euglenas show positive photo-taxis due to their ability to preform…

In September of 1929, an unlikely chain of events took place in a medical research lab in England that would advance the field of medicine immensely (Ho). Alexander Fleming, a young Scottish researcher, was investigating the theory that nasal mucus had antibacterial effects when he left a culture plate with Staphylococcus aureus, a deadly bacteria, in his lab while he went on a holiday (Ho). When he returned to his lab, he found that there was a clear halo surrounding growth of a yellow-green…

Introduction Individual microbial agents have different effects on different organisms. Some of these organisms may be completely resistant to a particular microbial while others may be highly susceptible. In this weeks experiment, the Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion test will be used to determine if an organism is susceptible or resistant to a selection of antimicrobial agents. The outcome of this test is important for physicians in determining which antibiotics to use when treating sick patients…

A total of four microorganisms were isolated from the sample brought back from Mars. To identify the microorganisms which were isolated from the sample brought back from Mars, an rDNA sequence analysis was required. Every sequence had an S_ab score of 1.000 meaning the sequence is identical to the microorganism that it was matched to. Before gathering phenotypic results, we gathered phylogenetic data for the four microorganisms which includes Micrococcus luteus, Citrobacter freundii, Hafnia…

Introduction: The effectiveness of Antimicrobial agents against Microorganisms Population of microorganisms or growth are killed and/or inhibited by natural or synthetic chemical antimicrobial controls (Madigan, et al 2012). Antimicrobial agents are grouped according to their efficacy against microorganisms. Bactericidal that kill and bacteriostatic prevent and/or reduce growth (Madigan et al, 2012). Harmful pathogens are targeted with different antimicrobial agents according to their toxicity…

Unique microorganisms reside on and within tissues and body fluids of mammals, and are known as the commensal microbiota. It is estimated that the human body contains 3x1013 eukaryotic cells and 4x1013 bacteria (1). By early adulthood host cells are outnumbered by microbial species by 100 fold (2). These microbes are far from neutral bystanders, and are suspected to influence the developing immune system in responses from cytokine balance, to lymphocyte responses, to antibody induction (3). In…

Antibiotics are the most important group of drugs which play a significant role to protect humans and animals against bacterial infections (3). In other words, the use of antibiotics is the most conventional method for treating humans (4). These drugs also are used in fish farming industries in order to improve growth (5). Antibiotics are naturally absorbed by the human body after the use. Therefore, much of the drugs or their metabolites are removed from the body through the urine and feces…