Methanol

antinociceptive action of Origanum majorana methanol leaf extract using tail immersion, hot plate, and writhing tests. The antinociceptive effect of the methanol extract of Origanum majorana (MEO) leaves was assessed after intraperitoneal administration into mice. Morphine sulfate (5 mg/kg; i.p.) and diclofenac (10 mg/kg; i.p.) were used as reference analgesic agents. Naloxone (5 mg/kg; i.p.) was also tested. MEO was studied at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg…

The residue after hexane extraction was then extracted with 20 mL of 50% (v/v) methanol in water and ultrasonicated for 20 min. The mixture was transferred to a centrifuge tube followed by centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 10 min. The supernatant was filtered once and transferred to another tube prior to the determination of hydrophilic…

2.5. ANTIOXIDANT STATUS 2.5.1. TLC - Semi Quantitative DPPH Assay 0.2 % DPPH solution in methanol was prepared and kept in the fridge for further use. The grid space was marked with 1.0 cm2 space on an aluminum based TLC sheet (Merck silica gel 60F254) and a stock solution of all the extracts together with the standard were prepared in methanol. A series of dilutions of the stock together with the standard were prepared ranging from 400 µL to 0.01µL for the last dilution. The grid on the TLC…

2. Experimental 2.1. Materials and reagents Analytical grade bentazon was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, chloroform and acetic acid were purchased from Merck and were analytical or HPLC grade. Methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as the cross-linker and α,α′-Azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) were purchased from Merck (Hohenbrunn, Germany). MAA was distilled under vacuum to remove the inhibitor prior to polymerization.…

In this experiment we used the alcohols methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol, and tested the beet membranes at 0% alcohol concentration, 10% alcohol concentration, 20% alcohol concentration, 30% alcohol concentration, and 40% alcohol concentration. We used 0.5cm3 beet pieces throughout the entire experiment to keep the surface area constant in each alcohol. We then submerged one cube of the beet in each concentration of each alcohol for 15 minutes. We then found the concentration of Betacyanin in…

Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel for diesel engines that is made from renewable biological sources like vegetable oils, animal fats, and microalgae. Since its main feedstock is a vegetable oil or animal fat, biodiesel is generally considered to be renewable. There are four primary ways known to make biodiesel – (1) direct use and blending, (2) microemulsions, (3) thermal cracking and (4) transesterification. Although the main use is the transesterification of vegetable oils and animal…

analysis was developed based on the constituents of our analyte. 3.4.2.1. Stationary Phase/Column Reverse Phase C-18 column was used. This C-18 column is the most common of all and is efficient for separation of polar species. 3.4.2.2. Mobile Phase Methanol, Acetonitrile, Water or any of their combination is generally reported to be compatible with Reverse Phase C-18 column, however other mobile phases can also be used [39]. Combination of Acetonitrile (ACN) and water is used in ration of…

Moisture determination is important in foods for various reasons including; economic, food quality, microbial stability, labeling requirements etc. this may be done by several methods depending on several factors such as water type, decomposition of other food component among others. One such method of moisture determination is the Karl-Fischer Titration Method (KF). Titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of a known volume of solution. A titrant; that is a solution of known…

Chapter 3 Process description and modeling 3.1 Process Description of Propylene Glycol Production Process The physical properties of propylene glycol are colourless and clear syrupy liquid when exists at room temperature. Besides than in liquid form, it also may exists in vapor form in air. In order to produce a colourless and odourless chemical, propylene glycol (C3H8O2, PG) involve in the reaction of propylene oxide and water. This involve the process of the hydrolysis of propylene oxide…

with a pencil, this was done carefully as to not scratch or break the plate’s gel layer. After marking the plates, three different concentrations of methanol and dichloromethane were prepared in the three beakers: a solution with 1 mL methanol and 1 mL dichloromethane, a solution with 1 mL methanol and 2 mL dichloromethane, and a solution with 1 mL methanol and 3 mL dichloromethane. These beakers were set aside while the next samples were collected. Using a capillary tube, a drop of fluorescein…