Methanol

When tested with aspartame prenatally, studies have led to the strong possibility that such could cause differences in general behavior and learning impairments. The effects of methanol, a product of aspartame consumption has been known for its neurological effects, but the other products are not as recognized, such as aspartate which has been linked to problems such as memory, weight gain and brain lesions in those subjected to…

Linum usitassimum is an annual herb belonging to the family Linaceae. The plant is indigenous to west Asia and the Mediterranean. Seed oil of this plant used commercially in the painting and varnishing due to its polymerization properties when exposed to the air and sun light. It is also used as an astringent in fungicidal lotion and an insecticide. Seed oil are reported to rich in essential fatty acids like omega-3- fatty acids (linolenic acid, 35-67%), omega-6- fatty acids (linoleic acid,…

Dehydrobromination of meso-Stilbene Dibromide Introduction This procedure was performed in order to synthesize an alkyne from meso-stilbene dibromide through double dehydrohalogenation. The removal of the two bromine and two hydrogen atoms allows for the formation of the carbon triple bond and thus the formation of an alkyne. The alkyne formed is diphenylacetylene. Data and Results The melting point of the product was measured to be between 60C and 62C. The actual melting point of…

The extraction lab began with a .517g mixture of benzoic acid, p-nitroaniline, and azobenzene charged in a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask mixed with 50 mL of Et2O. Once dissolved, the mixture is transferred the mixture into separatory funnel and begin acid extraction. 15 mL of 3 M HCl is added to the separatory funnel and inverted until a phase boundary is present. An additional 15 mL of 3 M HCl was then added and inverted again. The aqueous layer was removed through the separatory funnel and placed…

In 1963, the South African biologist Sydney Brenner proposed C. elegans as a model system for studies of development and neurobiology. Researchers share their findings in C. elegans genome via the internet with other researchers from around the world. The process of sharing the genome database on the world wide web provides a working framework for researchers who are working on the human genome project In 1969, John Sulston developed a technique to freeze and thaw the worm. As a result, the…

Discussion The research question of this paper asks: How is the pH of one’s mouth after a constant meal affected by the different sugar levels of various chewing gums. The chosen hypothesis was wrong for both the minty and sweet gums as it stated that their pH would be ultimately be acidic and there’d be a reduction form the initial pH. However, only one chewing gum had a significant decrease in its pH; the other pH values increased and either became alkaline or less acidic. There were several…

The learning assistants for Professor Bahde’s Organic Chemistry I class, Allyson Dang and I, wanted to give the students a problem to work on involving a reaction mechanism. The students in that class have been struggling in many areas of the subject, but the main issue they have is drawing out reaction mechanisms. Knowing how to draw out reaction mechanisms is one of the most, if not the most important part of organic chemistry. When theoretically reacting molecules, one must know not only…

MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), commonly referred to as ecstasy, and methamphetamine are central nervous system stimulants, which can produce euphoria, enhanced mental and emotional clarity, sensations of lightness and floating, and other hallucinations. (Chandra et al. 2015) Due to their effects, MDMA and methamphetamine are used in Drug-Facilitated Crimes (DFC), intended to impair behaviour, perceptions, or decision-making capacity to take advantage of an impaired person without…

2,6-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)anthracene (D1) 2,6‐Dibromoanthracene (2.00 g, 6.46 mmol) 1, bis(pinacolato)diboron (4.16 g, 16.16 mmol), PdCl2 (dppf) (0.164 g, 26.38 mmol), and potassium acetate (KOAc) (2.5 g, 26.38 mmol) were added to a Schlenk flask and kept under vacuum for 10 min. Under an argon flow, anhydrous 1, 4‐dioxane (40 mL) was added to the resulting mixture, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min, heated at 80 °C, and further stirred for 20 h…

and pectate lyase (PLase) (EC 4.2.2.2) split the molecular chains of the respective polymers (Kashyap et al., 2001) (29). Pectin methyl esterase (PME) (EC 3.1.11) hydrolyzes the ester linkage between carboxyl and methyl groups of pectin and release methanol. Endopolygalacturonase (EC3.2.1.15) and exo-polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.67) are the enzymes of particular interest to industry because they act on pectin, hydrolyzing its internal and external glycosidic bonds, producing shorter pectin…