Metastasis

Disease-free survival was defined as time on the study without 1) recurrence of breast cancer at local, regional, or distant sites; 2) occurrence of a second primary cancer; or 3) occurrence of death prior to those events. Ipsilateral breast tumor recurrences after lumpectomy were also considered to be local events. Distant disease-free survival was defined as time on the study free of both tumor recurrence at distant sites and second primary cancers. Distant failures were included regardless of…

There is one fact regarding prostate cancer treatment that a majority of doctor's who treat patients with prostate cancer all agree upon. Early detection of the disease can offer a patient's best chance for effective treatment and cure. One of the reasons that prostate cancer claims so many victims is that all too often, the disease is detected only after it has reached advanced stages. By then, the options for treatment and the chances for cure are much smaller. The prostate is a gland within…

Cancer, malignant tumours or neoplasm refers to same thing. It is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. Several main types of cancer include carcinoma (cancer that begins in the skin/tissues that line internal organs), sarcoma (bone, cartilage, fat, muscles, blood vessels, and other connective tissues), Leukemia (blood-forming tissues like the…

In the world today cancer is a frequently conferred issue. From treating cancer, to curing it, to preventing it. Most people understand the basics of cancer but do not know anything about the molecular genetic side of it. Although there are many reasons for someone to develop cancer that is not linked to genetics, there are many reasons that are linked to genetics. Among woman in the United States ovarian caner is the fifth leading cause of cancer related deaths ("BRCA1 & BRCA2 "). “Ovarian…

Health Assessment View on Skin cancer Skin cancer is one of the most general types of cancer among Canadians. Melanoma is one of the most dangerous types of skin cancer that have increased a lot in Canada over the past 25 years. According to the Canadian Cancer Society, in 2014 annual cancer statistics report that 6,500 suffer from melanoma (1,050 deaths) and 76,100 cases of non-melanoma (440 deaths) skin cancers expected. Definitely the rate of melanoma among Canadian women is 13.0 per 100…

The biopsy has been taken, and the question of positive or negative constantly run marathons through the mind. A week later, a chilling ring comes to the phone. On the other end is a receptionist scheduling another appointment to discuss the results of the biopsy. At 2 o’clock in the afternoon, the doctor’s office seems to be a dark place of wandering and wondering. The doctor now stands there with a concerned look on their face. They say, I am sorry to inform you that you have breast cancer.…

Women walk into certain age brackets being forced to make certain decisions. These decisions no matter how uncertain they might be will shape their lives for the better or worst. One of these seemingly simple decisions involve whether or not to have a mammogram at 40 or wait until 50 years of age to attain one. There are some disagreements in the scientific community about whether to get a mammogram at age 40 or wait until 50. It is of utmost importance that women know their medical situation…

I walked in the door and my mother was waiting for me. She calmly asked me to talk. I barely sat down on the couch when she looked me in the eye and said, “I have cancer.” Those three words took my breath away as my mind desperately tried to process what she had just said to me. She said is again, “I got a call from the doctor today and I have breast cancer.” Cancer? My mom? My mind continued to race. There must be some mistake, I thought, this can’t be true. She held my hand and assured…

“Is There a Link Between Stress and Cancer?” It’s a common belief in women with breast cancer that stress caused their cancer. However, studies on this topic, including other types of cancer as well, have shown otherwise. Polly Newcomb, head of the cancer prevention program at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, conducted a study on whether or not stress causes breast cancer. She used trained interviewers to ask healthy women and women with cancer about their environments,…

What if you found out you were feeding your family an endocrine disrupting substance that causes cancer? You would immediately throw it out and never buy it again. It would be a little hard to even figure that out if the labels are fibbed to hide ingredients from the buyer. Now what if you were spraying detergents or even putting on face products that had the same thing in both of them. It’s a little odd that detergents, what we clean our bathroom with and beauty products, what we put on our…