Metaphysics

two of the most well-known philosophers of epistemology. Descartes was a rationalist who claimed to possess a special method to form a well-rounded method of doubt, which was exhibited in his many studies of mathematics, natural philosophy and metaphysics. Hume was an empiricist who is generally known as one of the most important philosophers in English writing. Descartes idea of rationalism argued that reason and logic form the basis of knowledge; believing that knowledge originates in the mind…

abandons, but from that who destroys), goes beyond all of this, maximizing –or even better–making the coherence explicit: If he achieves his aim, there would not be nothing to be bequeathed nor anybody whom to bequeath. Because, in line with the metaphysics of the first person singular, for this individual and his world there have not ever been other than himself. If what it is is what it is for each one, thereby, what it is to be done is what each one believes that it…

a correct characterization of free will is paramount in comprehending our place in the world, as well as how to navigate it. Spinoza and Descartes have both conjured up an interpretation of free will that is consistent with their own systems of metaphysics but drastically different from the conclusions of their counterparts. In this essay, I will summarize and contrast their views, and demonstrate how each of their analysis of free will is significant in the context of intellect and freedom. It…

He argues that the soul is real according to his ideology of metaphysics, which questions what is reality and what is simply truth or opinion. Plato breaks the concept of reality into two smaller aspects; one as the senses and the second as the ability to reason and it is the capacity of reason, which leads individuals…

There are many formalistic expressions in the critique of practical reason, the most formalistic emptiness debate is around Kant’s interpretation of law-giving force of the moral law that must stem from its mere form, if its universalizability stemmed from the content, the law could only hold for that content and not universally. For example, ‘for which the mere lawgiving form of a maxim can alone serve as a law is a free will’, the law giving form of a maxim is ‘the only thing that can…

depth of Descartes metaphysics. Ryle believes that Descartes, dualism is flawed in the fact that it has made a categorical mistake. Before discussing the problems that Ryle addresses about his opponent Descartes, I will be presenting Descartes philosophical claims, so that there…

epistemologies. They are John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume. John Locke is known as a founder of a school of thought, British Empiricism. George Berkeley was one of three famous British Empiricists. He is known for his works on vision and metaphysics. David Hume was known as a historian and essayist as well, not only as a philosopher. John Locke was an English empiricist during the 17th century. He argued that when we are born our mind are completely empty of all ideas and concepts and…

The beginning of understanding oneself starts with identity. For centuries, philosophers have contemplated a common issue known as the mind-body problem. The mind-body problem is a philosophical problem that asks the question of what we as people are. Are people a mind, a body, or a combination of the two? There are several major works that pertain to this problem, but this argument will focus on those given by Gilbert Ryle, Rene Descartes, and Richard Taylor. Descartes is the oldest and perhaps…

The concept prime mover is a monotheistic concept developed by the philosopher and polytheist by the name of Aristotle. The prime mover concept goes into depths trying to explain the primary cause of all the movement in the universe. In his work Metaphysics, the Greek philosopher Aristotle truly believed that everything had several different explanations for its existence and that the cause of a thing can be understood in four different ways. In this paper, we will go into great depths in trying…

British philosopher who pioneered ideas such as the empiricism which now define some leading ideals of psychology and philosophy. Against the claims of other well known philosophers, Locke insisted that neither the speculative principles of logic and metaphysics nor the practical principles of morality are inscribed on our minds from birth. Such propositions do not in fact have the universal consent of all human beings, Locke argued, since children and the mentally defective do not assent to…