Metaphysics

In “Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals” Immanuel Kant explores pure good will concepts as they relate to moral experiences. However I will only be using section I of Kant’s paper as it relates to duty and good will. I will be examining Kant’s argument of “conformity with duty” as it relates to pure goodwill. Kant argues that people believe that they are bound by the categorical imperative, which is an unconditional moral obligation that is not dependent on a person's purpose. That is,…

In his Critique of Pure Reason, Kant argues that because humans are only able to judge objectively, we are closed off from a greater perception and understanding of the world. Things in the phenomenal realm are based upon our interactions and experiences with objects whereas things in the noumenal realm are the simplified form of the things themselves and project the reality of the world in a way that humans are unable to see. Additionally, Kant attributes things in the phenomenal realm as…

life this might be a bird flying in the sky and to ask all questions about the bird, and in the end there would be and understanding of the bird existence, making sure to build a philosophical system that would include how and what method of metaphysics. The people of the Rome era respected Descartes as being the father of modern Philosophy, and the reason why the people called him the father of modern Philosophy , he was willing to break away from the standard ruled…

Throughout his “Meditations” Descartes will demonstrate that he is breaking away from the traditional way of thinking and metaphysics. And, throughout the text Descarte will lay out a foundation to a different way of thinking. One in which one does not solely rely on the senses to know things, but instead rely on an inspection of the mind. But, this conflicts with other philosophers of Descartes time, and it conflicts with what is being taught within the schools, Around Descartes time, many of…

Arwa Alnasser G00038951 PHI201 Descartes Vs. Locke René Descartes and John Locke are two philosophers who study metaphysics and epistemology. They try to answer the questions related to that field of philosophy asking: What is knowledge? what can we know? and what is the difference between opinion and knowledge? The answers to those questions for Descartes are radically different than those of Locke. The former comes from a rationalist’s point of view while the later comes from an empiricist…

Noah Porter paraphrases Eph 2:12 as "Hopeless because Godless." Agnostics may say that they do not deny the existence of God. Whether they claim unknowableness of God or that the existence of God is unknown, in either case, they do not know God and hence they are in a Godless situation, and the above phrase may describe agnostics' condition. Porter cleverly points out that the ignorance of God, which was regarded as a sin, "is now taught as a necessity of reason" and "the unknowableness of God…

Prime reality Prime reality refers to what human beings think of the existence of supernatural beings and how they describe them. This question is fundamental in describing the different worldviews that exist among people. According to pluralism, there exist multiple realities. Pluralism accommodates the idea of the existence of various gods who have different roles. On the other hand, scientism restricts the humans to believe in natural occurrences. Some scientists may attribute the…

The cosmological argument is one theory for the existence of God; it is based upon the existence of a unique being, which is commonly referred to as God. This based upon facts regarding causation, contingency, motion, change and finitude relative to the processes within the universe. In this essay I am going to describe the arguments of Aristotle, one of the founders of this argument and Leibniz, who argues for the principle of sufficient reason; a theory that goes hand in hand with the…

“But that is an undue mutilation of metaphysics, whose aim is to know beings in all that they require for existence, that it, at the same time in their nature and in their substance.” (Danielou, 61). God is a being, and Christians know God. Christians give God a personality because they feel…

In Kant’s Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, moral worth is a key element to defining what makes a moral being. As per Kant, just reasonable creatures can be said to act ethically. The thinking for Kant is the same for all people; at the end of the day there is not a needy individual's reason versus a rich individual's reason. All people are equivalent as normal ethical beings. In this manner, if reason manages that one individual, in a specific circumstance, has an ethical obligation to…