Metaphysics

One part of Aristotle’s metaphysics is the theory of categories, in which he asserts that the individual particulars are the starting point for substance, or being; the individual particular is always the subject, and never the predicate or property of something. This is in direct contrast with Plato’s metaphysics, because Plato argues that the starting point for being comes from universal objects of knowledge and we see these universals shared in individual particulars. In this paper I will…

anti-realism have been on ongoing debate amongst philosophers. Both perspectives have been revisited time after time, citing different reasons for the existence of each belief. These two topics belong to the area of philosophy, more specifically, metaphysics. Metaphysics explores the nature of existence, exploring why things exist and how they came to exist in the first place. Philosophers argue that it is the foundation behind philosophy, answering questions about the existence of the world,…

Immanuel Kant is a phenomenal philosopher whose works has shaped the nature of western philosophy. He has made profound contributions in metaphysics and ethics through academic articles like The Critique of Pure Reason, which has intense knowledge on topics like what man can possibly know. I. Kant challenged the concept of suicide. a. Kant believed in human autonomy and believed that freedom has paramount importance taking precedence over life itself. i. One should believe the reason, because…

published the Critique of Pure Reason in 1781. Kant’s motive was to establish the restrictions of pure reason which means that he wants to know what reason alone without the use of guessing. Kant was optimistic by Hume’s disbelief to doubt the metaphysics existence. Kant is still making a difference with the comparison to priori and posteriori knowledge. Between the analytic and synthetic judgments, posteriori knowledge is the knowledge from experience and also additional knowledge is knowledge…

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 SARTRE’S LIFE AND WORK 4 METAPHYSICS: CONCIOUSNESS AND OBJECTIVES, ATHEISM 5 THEORY OF HUMAN NATURE: EXISTENCE AND ESSENCE, NEGATION AND FREEDOM 6 DIAGNOSIS: ANGUISH AND BAD FAITH, CONFLICT WITH OTHERS 7 PRESCRIPTION: REFLECTIVE CHOICE 7 THE “FIRST ETHICS”: AUTHENTICITY AND FREEDOM FOR EVERYONE 8 THE “SECOND ETHICS”: SOCIETY AND HUMAN NEEDS 8 CONCLUSION 9 REFERENCE LIST 10 INTRODUCTION This assignment focuses on Jean-Paul Sartre who was a philosopher…

philosopher in the 18th century, who many consider to be the father of modern philosophy. His groundbreaking work on morality is best exemplified in his book, The Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. This book introduces readers to the concepts of morality and the idea of what it means to have good will. Metaphysics is defined as a branch of philosophy that deals with the first principle of things which includes concepts such as being, knowing, substance, cause, identity, time and space. In…

Have you ever thought about the history of psychology and how people first began to explain why we think and act the way we do? The Greeks first began deep thinking through reading and writing.The Philosophies that were created by theses Ancient Greeks began the discovery of how we interpret life. The Philosophers behind those ideas were very important to the history of Psychology because many of them helped influence some of the most famous Philosophers that we learn about today. How did The…

deluded with the reference to this concept, which she erroneously considered as one of her children, whereas in reality it was nothing but a bastard of imagination. Furthermore he concludes that in plain language, there cannot be any such thing as metaphysics. Not to mention that if we cannot rely on the power and authenticity of cause-and-effect principle, then scientific discovery and progress is an endeavor doomed to epistemological uncertainty. This drove Kant to transcendental idealism, it…

Out of the three main different schools of thought surrounding epistemology and how humans gain knowledge, Kant’s theory of transcendental idealism is the most reasonable. While both Hume and Descartes present good points, they take their ideas too much to the extreme. Hume’s extreme empiricism drives him into skepticism so harsh that it led to the conclusion that events do not really have a cause, since cause cannot be directly observed. This claim is problematic at numerous levels, mainly…

other hand, … [signal] the moment when the Object becomes the Other, when the sardine can look back, when the mute idol speaks, when the subject experiences the object as uncanny and feels the need for what Foucault calls ‘a metaphysics of the object, or, more exactly, a metaphysics of that never objectifiable depth from which objects rise up to our superficial knowledge.’” (W. J. T. Mitchel in Jane Bennett’s Vibrant Matter (2010), 2) In Sue Goyette’s Ocean, the “never objectifiable depth,”…