Metabolism

Steroids can be characterized by their concoction structure. We see that steroids are natural intensifies that contain four rings of carbon iotas. In particular, we see that all steroids have three 6-sided carbon rings and one 5-sided carbon ring. Be that as it may, distinctive steroids have diverse useful gatherings connected. We review that utilitarian gatherings are gatherings of particles that we regularly find together that have a particular conduct. When we append distinctive useful…

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleic acid present in organisms with the primary function of providing energy. It is comprised of three phosphate groups with one adenosine attached and releases energy by being hydrolysed into Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP), therefore one bond is broken and a phosphate molecule is lost. ATP can only be reproduced through phosphorylation which results in the addition of one phosphate to Adenosine Diphosphate. ATP must be regenerated in order to allow an organism…

Prostaglandins are one group of eicosanoids. They are unsaturated fatty acids derivatives that are involved in the contraction of smooth muscle, the control of homeostatic activities such as, inflammation and body temperature, and many more functions of the body. Prostaglandins are derived from arachidonic acid. The formation of the both the arachidonic acid, then prostaglandin molecules begins with a stimulus to a cell, that activates a membrane enzyme called phospholipase A2. The arachidonic…

Discussion Warm up exercise normally results in an elevated blood, and probably muscle lactate concentration has the potential to increase the aerobic energy turnover in the following high intensity exercise. The reduced oxygen deficit is related with the reduction in both the depletion of intramuscular PCr stores and the rate at which lactic acid is produced, which is probably caused by overtraining or fatigue ( Jones, Andrew M. and Koppo, Katrien and Burnley, Mark, 2003). One of the factors…

Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that allow certain chemical reactions to take place much quicker than reactions would occur on their own. Enzymes function as catalyst, which means they speed up reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway of lower activation energy (cite). Each step of a pathway typically requires a specific enzyme, without the specific enzyme, the pathway can not be completed. In addition, enzymes do not undergo permanent reactions and remain unchanged by…

Catalase containing, positive, bacteria consist of aerobic, oxygen respiring, and facultative anaerobic, can grow either with or without oxygen, bacteria. Being catalase positive means the bacteria is exposed to hydrogen peroxide in a concentration high enough to make it toxic to the bacteria cells. Thus, the cell needs to break down the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas to survive. Catalase positive bacteria can include beneficial bacteria. Two harmful bacteria that are catalase…

McArdle syndrome, also known as glycogen storage disease type V (GSD V) is a rare genetic autosomal recessive disease of the muscle tissue or myopathy caused by the body’s inability to produce phosphorylase; “an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glucose-1-phosphate from glycogen.” (Taber’s Cyclopedic medical Dictionary). Without it, sugar or glycogen stored in the muscles cannot be used to produce energy resulting in fatigue, severe muscle pain and cramping after momentary exercise.…

After analyzing my carbohydrate intake and comparing it to the recommendations by nutrition calculator I am just below the normal range recommended for my age. The DRI (Dietary Reference Intake) recommends women between the ages 19-70 should consume 45-65% of their diet come from carbohydrates. My intake recommended by the nutrition calculator was 867-1252 calories, and I only consumed 803 calories, which was just below my goal for carbohydrates. DRI recommends 20-35% of my calorie intake should…

Most proteins are enzymes, which have an essential role in biological catalysis by increasing the rate of a reaction. The experiment conducted included an enzyme assay with the enzyme catalase and the substrate hydrogen peroxide. To complete the assay, the catalase enzyme was added to the hydrogen peroxide buffered solution. Every thirty seconds, portions from the tube was removed and placed into the labeled tubes. Based on the degree in color of each sample, a different absorption value would…

Mixtures of microorganisms are normally present in the natural environment (Intrieri, 19) and microorganisms are found everywhere including the human body and the air (25). As a result, in different laboratory settings from food to clinical the microbiologists in those laboratories follow experimental tests to identify unknown microorganisms in a sample (111). Our goal in this laboratory was to perform the types of testing microbiologist do every day to isolate and identify unknown bacteria in a…