Metabolic syndrome

every aspect of a person’s life, from what they eat to how long they sleep. To begin a weight loss journey, the first step is to figure out how many calories and what type of calories need to be consumed. To do this, a person can find their basal metabolic rate, or BMR. This is the minimum…

Average Metabolic Rate Difference of Goldfish in Dark vs. Ambient Light Introduction Metabolism is an interesting field of study to better understand what is happening inside of the body of different organisms that keep them alive. Goldfish (Carassius auratus) were used for this experiment since these small animals metabolism can be easily influenced by different variables. This is due to the fact that goldfish are poikilothermic whose internal temperature is influenced by their surroundings.…

Monarch butterflies are bright orange with black and white markings on its wings. Males and females can be differentiated based on observing their hind wings; while males have a black spot at the center of each hind wing, females do not. These wings give males a selective advantage; they are able to attract female mates. Similar to migrating birds, the monarch butterflies use the clear benefit of updrafts of warm air, called “thermals” and glide as they migrate, to preserve the energy required…

process of gas exchange they have adaptations that allow them to spend time under water without drowning. To be able to survive under water these animals need to be able to get a sufficient supply of oxygen to their lungs in order to maintain a high metabolic rate and a high oxygen rate. If the animal doesn’t have enough oxygen to last when they are under water then there is a high chance of that animal dying by drowning or by coming unconscious. Aquatic mammals such as dolphins seal their…

disorder known as Down syndrome. This disorder is due to an extra chromosome in their genes which is the leading cause. However, a specific chromosome can also be damaged during cell replication, which can also increase their risk of getting Down syndrome and other disorders later on in their life that could eventually lead to death if not treated at the right time. Also, if a mother gives birth at a higher age, it also increases the risk of their child having Down syndrome. Therefore, children…

Turner syndrome, also known as TS and gonadal dysgenesis, is a chromosomal deficiency affecting over two million women that occur when two of the X chromosomes in a female’s DNA are either incomplete or missing entirely. It usually becomes apparent when a female is only a few years old, or even shortly following her birth. The missing genetic material of the X chromosome keeps the female body from maturing on its own. Because Turner syndrome is different for every female and an individual…

internal body temperature of animals within a certain range. Endotherms, such as mammals and birds, thermoregulate internally by generating heat from metabolic processes and are able to keep their body temperature high and relatively constant, adapting to the environment to maintain homeostasis. This type of thermoregulation requires a high metabolic rate, that enables organisms to be more physically active without having to rely on the environment, hence increases evolutionary fitness.…

Describe trisomy 21. Trisomy 21 is a genetic disorder commonly known as Down syndrome. It is caused by the presence of all or part of an extra 21st chromosome. IT is the most common chromosomal abnormality associated with intellectual disability. One in 730 live births results in trisomy 21. It is seen in all ages, races and socioeconomic levels, but a higher incidence is found with a maternal age older than 35 years. This is associated with the fact that 90% of cases with an extra chromosome…

a cluster of developmental disabilities called autism spectrum disorders. The name "spectrum" branches off of the fact that these disorders affect each child in its own way. Additional disorder included in the spectrum include Asperger’s Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder. These disorders include delays in the development of many elementary skills, including the abilities to socialize or form relationships with others and to…

Severe problems and syndromes that may accompany ASD includes mental retardation, seizures, and tuberous sclerosis sensory problems. Many children with ASD are very sensitive to certain sounds, textures, taste, and smells (Allen & Cowdery). Other forms of ASD is Rett’s disorder (Allen & Cowdery). It’s known as Rett syndrome is diagnosed primarily in females. Diagnosis is often made on the basis of the repetitive gestures…