Metabolic pathway

concentration breaks down purine nucleotides to uric acid, and the accumulation of uric acid then causes hyperuricaemia (HFI). Another consequence of the depletion of inorganic phosphate is the ineffectiveness of phosphorylation in the glycogenolysis pathway (biochem). Inorganic phosphate is the substrate of hepatic glycogen phosphorylase (biochem). So when inorganic phosphate is deficient, hepatic glycogen phosphorylase cannot proceed phosphorylation normally, leading to an impaired…

According to the Center for Disease Control’s National Health and Nutrition Education Survey, in 1959, 13% of adult Americans were overweight or obese. In 2010 that figure had climbed to 69.9% (CDC/NHANES, 2011). Obesity, a risk factor for diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and stroke has reached epidemic proportion in the United States. It continues to increase across the population regardless of age, education, or socioeconomic level. In 1972 Michael Jacobson, the director of the American…

unhealthy triglycerides (Staff). This keeps the blood flowing smoothly, decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Not only can physical activity help prevent heart problems but it can also prevent type two diabetes, certain types of cancers, metabolic syndrome, and arthritis. Regular activity can improve muscle strength and boost endurance. “Exercise and physical activity deliver oxygen and nutrients to your tissues and help your cardiovascular system work more efficiently. And when your…

or change, behavior. Usually neuropsychologists deal with patients who have suffered from brain damage or who have neurological diseases. They may work with people who have traumatic brain injuries or those who have had strokes, tumors, toxic or metabolic disorders or neurodegenerative diseases. Typical responsibilities of a neuropsychologist are assessing and assisting those recovering from strokes, administering brain scans and other neurocognitive tests, consulting with pharmaceutical…

There were many tests performed on my unknown, which led me to conclude that the unknown microorganism is Pseudomonas fluorescens. When determining the gram reaction of the unknown, a Gram stain was done. This process differentiates between a Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganism. This is done in four steps. The microorganism was stained with iodine, crystal violet, alcohol and acetone, and safranin. Iodine was used first as it acts as a mordant. It forms an insoluble complex by binding…

your risk of cancer increases the longer you are overweight. According to the latest cancer research the longer a woman is overweight or obese the more likely she is to develop breast cancer:, endometrial, or kidney cancer. it 's estimated that half 1 million cancer cases each year of the result of obesity according to the American Association of Cancer research AAC are. The excessive body weight is responsible for approximately 25% of the relative contribution to cancer incidence. It ranks…

Biogeochemical cycles are the way in which nutrients move through the earths system. It is a pathway for chemical elements to move through biotic and abiotic factors. The ocean contributes largely to these cycles as it acts as a reservoir or sink for the accumulation of nutrients. Even water itself is recycled through precipitation, evaporation and condensation. This is a typical cycle that can be observed for the vital elements of life such as carbon and nitrogen. Microbes are essential to the…

Caffeine serves as a lignin that physically binds to the receptor and triggers the increase of cyclic AMP concentration (Watt & Routledge, 1986). The Increase in CAMP allows for the activation of protein Kinases, which increases heart rate and other metabolic/intracellular processes. Since the frog was not introduced to caffeine prior to the experiment, there was a drastic peak in the heart rate after just a couple minutes (Figure 1). This parallels the situations in humans because the…

The complex evolution of humans has allowed for the development of a mammal so advanced that its population has grown beyond exponentially in a relatively short time scale. The complexity of humans is due in part to intelligence in the form of a large, well-developed brain. An organ of this size and importance is what is known as an expensive tissue, meaning the body requires a substantial amount of energy to produce it (Mink et al. 1981). To explain the relationship between energy and brain…

Children with Complex Diseases: Anoxic Injuries at Birth Anoxic injuries can happen at any point in the gestational or birthing process. Some of the effects resolve shortly after birth with appropriate intervention, some have lifelong consequences, and some ultimately result in death. An anoxic brain injury occurs when the fetus or baby is deprived of oxygen for a host of different reasons. The extent of damage depends on many factors, as well as the prognosis. Manifestations…