Messenger RNA

This paper is going to describe the replication of DNA and RNA and the processes of transcription and translation of protein synthesis. What is DNA? DNA is a nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in cells and some viruses, consisting of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. DNA sequences are replicated by the cell prior to cell division and may include genes,…

RNA polymerase attaches itself to a template of DNA and then go into base pairing, synthesizes mRNA or messenger RNA. This is called transcription, as the DNA code being transcribed into mRNA code. RNA replaces Thymine for Uracil during base pairing. 4. mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm this goo like part of the cell where ribosomes can…

Thus, the genetic code is the basis of the central dogma of molecular biology. Central dogma is nothing but the flow of genetic information in all living cells including human cells from DNA to RNA to proteins. The central dogma There are three classes of sequential biopolymers that encode information: DNA, RNA, and protein. The central dogma of microbiology describes the ways in which information flows among these three classes: DNA replication (DNA to DNA), transcription…

now unwound in the area that is needed so the RNA polymerase is able to help line up the nucleotides to create a complementary strand of the mRNA. Between the strands there are hydrogen bonds which are then separated apart. One of the strands is then able to be used as a template strand. Onto this template strand these is base pairing which is the DNA cytosine joining to the RNA guanine, DNA guanine joining to the RNA cytosine, DNA thymine joining to RNA adenine and DNA…

Proteins Proteins are large, complex macromolecules that play many important roles in organisms. They are required for the regulation, structure, and function of the body’s organs and tissues. Some may act as antibodies, chemical messengers, enzymes, structural components, and transport devices within the cell. Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller subunits known as amino acids. Amino acids are made up of a single carbon atom attached to a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a…

the gene to the protein product. This process is how DNA is coded for RNA, which basically is the turn code for the proteins in our body. DNA is in every living thing, which is the molecule that carries genetic material from the parents to their offspring. Basically, it is the most important thing in the human structure of the body. For it carries the necessary information that is needed for the construction of proteins and RNA. There is always decoding going on in the body which is using the…

A. RNA doesn’t have thymine. RNA uses Uracil. RNA can leave the nucleus. B. mRNA- mRNA is called the messenger DNA. This RNA can leave the nucleus and delivers information to other parts of the cell. tRNA- Transfers amino acids to proteins. Ribosomal RNA- Forms parts of ribosomal subunits C. Proteins must be synthesised constantly in order to use the codes from genes over and over again. 2. A. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands. It then…

replication of itself mRNA transcribes DNA, tRNA translates mRNA into proteins. A pattern on nucleotide on a DNA strand is called a gene. The Central Dogma of molecular biology is: DNA codes for RNA which codes. for proteins Not all genes are expressed for the production of proteins, some have other tasks like making RNA. Some proteins are structural. Some proteins are made of hundreds or thousands of amino…

Final Exam Bacteria’s gene is only coding (makes a protein) meaning one gene equals one protein. Bacteria’s life history is a short lifespan, reproduces quickly in large number of individuals. Griffith finds that bacterial cells can be transformed. (Raven) There are two forms of bacteria, one that causes pneumonia and a nonvirulent that does not. The nonvirulent lacks enzymes to manufacture the coat of polysaccharide. Griffith performed a series of experiments with these types of bacteria on…

GENE SILIENCING Gene silencing is something that most people do not know about. It is part of molecular biology which is things to with the natural body and life but to a minute size. Gene silencing was developed and still developing by the RNAi team at CSIRO in Australia which was led by a British-Australian virologist and geneticist named Peter Waterhouse. This team of a few also had significant contributions from Ming-Bo Wang who helped Peter Waterhouse develop this technique. This technique…