Meristem

cells above the root cap allowing for the continuous growth of the root. The roots are composed of xylem and phloem tissues covered by vascular tissue encased in ground tissue and epidermis (Reece 2014). The vascular cylinder contains xylem which transports water from the root to the leaves and phloem tissue that enables the transportation of glucose from the leaves to the rest of the plant. Eudicot roots will display a cross of xylem with phloem in between the lobes and monocot roots display a vascular cylinder with a core of parenchyma surrounded by xylem and a circle of xylem and phloem (Reece 2014). The shoot has a dome shaped apical meristem that produces new cells through cell division. Leaf primordia develop on the sides of the apical meristem with two auxiliary buds that produce branching in the plant when the primary apical meristem is…

less expression in the rosette leaf, stem, and cauline leaf. It is not present during the vegetative meristem stage; as XAL2 expression appears initially in the inflorescence. Following the inflorescence meristem stage into floral meristem stage, XAL2 expression increases significantly in order to regulate floral transition. Although XAL2 was found to have higher expression in the roots, it is still key in floral transitioning (Searle et al., 2006). The identification of XAL2 by Pérez-Ruiz et…

B) as a liquid. C) covalently bound to sugars. D) coupled to ion transport. E) via endocytosis. Answer: B Topic: Concept 35.2 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation 25) Plants contain meristems whose major function is to A) attract pollinators. B) absorb ions. C) photosynthesize. D) produce more cells. E) produce flowers. Answer: D Topic: Concept 35.3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 26) A cell that is most likely to retain the ability to divide, perform metabolic functions, and…

5-7m/g) alone is best alternative for vigorous of rooting. In vitro propagation is used specifically to refer to the application of tissue culture technique to regenerate and propagation of plants from single cell, tissue and organs by culturing them under sterile and controlled environmental condition (Hartmann et al., 1990). Hoy et al. ,(2003) also reported genotype and type of explant source affecting genetic uniformity resulting from tissue culture. Therefore, micro propagation…

eventually germination. Environmental conditions activate germination, the roots grow first to provide support and get nutrients. After the seed has germinated the apical growth begins and can continue forever. Angiosperm plants get taller through primary growth, this happens thanks to the root and shoot apical meristems that are responsible for upwards growth. The meristem is an area that has very high rates of cell division through mitosis. This means that the growth of the stem builds on…

Cytokinin also regulates the growth of buds. Cytokinin acts in roots and stems, more specifically the meristems in these regions. Even though cytokinin acts in the growing stems, it is only produced in the roots. The roots cells must produce cytokinin that then travels up the xylem to other regions of growth throughout the plant. The receptors in for cytokinins are most commonly found in the ER. Since the receptors for this hormone are inside the cells, the hormone must be non-polar and small…

Bud bank dynamics (Benson, Hartnett et al. 2004) study suggest that the densities and dynamics of tallgrass prairie plant populations, as well as their response to disturbance (e.g., fire and grazing) and climatic variability, may be mediated principally through effects on the demography of belowground bud populations. Patterns of seed reproduction and seed bank populations have little influence on short-term aboveground population dynamics of tallgrass prairie perennials. Our results indicate…

and be able to break down organic material such as paper (Yard, Habitat). In my soil all I had were the Alaskan pea seed and the soil had no other resources for the red wriggler worm. In the control group the nitrate levels increased because legumes produce their own usable nitrogen through nitrogen fixation, by turning atmospheric nitrate into useable nitrogen the plants can use in the soil. The earthworm casts were definitely helpful, in week 4 more seeds sprouted, they increased their growth…

function in hormonal controlled steps of development such as seed germination, flowering and seed maturation. Gene AGL61 (BnaC08g38880D) was shown to interact with AGL80, another MADS box gene with similar defects in ovule development. These data suggest that AGL61 and 83 together are required for proper differentiation of the central cell. The central cell of the female gametophyte plays a role in pollen tube guidance and in regulating the initiation of endosperm development. Functions as a…

animals are multicellular eukaryotes. They usually carry on sexual reproduction and typically begin life as a fertilized diploid egg. The ancestor most scientists agree that animals evolved from protest, most likely a protozoan. The kingdom on animals are divided into 35 groups, or phyla and these animals are invertebrates and these evolved first and they far out the vertebrates who are the ones that have endoskeleton. Animals differ in biological organization and they differ in symmetry.…