Membrane

In this experiment we used the alcohols methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol, and tested the beet membranes at 0% alcohol concentration, 10% alcohol concentration, 20% alcohol concentration, 30% alcohol concentration, and 40% alcohol concentration. We used 0.5cm3 beet pieces throughout the entire experiment to keep the surface area constant in each alcohol. We then submerged one cube of the beet in each concentration of each alcohol for 15 minutes. We then found the concentration of Betacyanin in…

Recent Insights into the Structure, Regulation, and Function of the V-ATPases Vacuolar ATPases are proton pumps that are dependent on ATP. They are involved with processes along the plasma membrane. The processes involved are membrane traffic, protein degradation, bone resorption, tumor cell invasion, and pH homeostasis. There has been a better understanding of the structure and mechanism of V-ATPases. Another thing brought to light, are the mechanisms that occur to regulate its activity in…

binding of a ligand to receptor. Cell-surface receptors are also known as trans-membrane receptors as they are located on outer surface of the plasma membrane to bind the ligand outside the cell. Cell surface receptors are membrane-anchored integral proteins that mediate the communication between the outside world and the…

Part 1 DB 2 “The plasma membrane allows fluids or gases to pass or diffuse through to specific molecules. It allows nutrients and other vital elements to enter the cell and waste materials to leave the cell. Oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide pass freely across the membrane, but amino acids and sugars are carefully regulated (University, 2015).” When thinking of an analogy for plasma membrane, what comes to mind it the stomach and digestion of food and how it reacts to food, filter foods, and…

Evidence for and against the Davson- Danielli model of membrane structure The plasma membrane is thin and has double layers. The plasma membrane has two dark lines and a lighter central region. The two dark lines suggests the presence of the protein on either side. The lighter central region suggests the presence of phospholipids. The dark grainy appearance could be the ribosomes. Ribosomes appear as dark granules in the cytoplasm. Measured by rule: approximately 1 mm actual size 10 nm…

The forward osmosis (FO) process is an emerging separation/desalination process. It is rapid process compared to other membrane processes such as reverse osmosis. The physical phenomenon of forward osmosis (FO) can demonstrated as the motion of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane due to difference in osmotic pressure driving force through the membrane. The membrane enables only water molecules to pass through when salt molecules are rejected. The forward desalination technique…

Resting membrane potential is the difference in voltage of the fluids inside a cell and outside a cell and the membrane is said to be polarized. According to the book the value of the resting membrane potential varies from -40 mv to -90 mv in different types of neurons. There are two essential factors that build and generate the resting membrane potential: the differences in the ionic composition of the intracellular and extracellular fluids, and the differential permeability of the plasma…

bacterium consists of a double membrane and is helically shaped (1). One of the membranes is an inner membrane and the other membrane is the outer membrane, also consisting of a protoplasm that is generally cylindrical and long. The most unique feature of the Borrelia burgdorferi is its ability to travel easily through its host’s fluids and tissues by using their highly adaptive flagella (2). The flagella in most spirochetes is found in the periplasm between the diderm membranes. It has a…

motion. Kinetic energy causes molecules to bump into each other and move into different places. Diffusion is the random movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Cells have selectively permeable membranes that only allow the movement of certain solutes. Diffusion is vital for many of life’s functions in a cell. It allows oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs and between the bodies of intracellular fluid and cells. An example of this…

Aquaporins are a family of membrane proteins that selectively conduct water molecules in and out of the cell, while at the same time preventing the passage of ions and other solutes. They can be found in animal, bacteria, and plant cells. So far 13 Aquaporins have been discovered (AQP0-AQP12) some of the Aquaporins only transport water molecules, such as AQP1, AQP2, AQP4, AQP5 and AQP8. Aquaporins that transport water and other solutes are called aquaglyceroporins, these can transport glycerol,…