Membrane

levels which is one of the most important factors to marine life. For the potassium ion test, the probe must first be calibrated. To calibrate the potassium ion probe to a LabQuest tablet, first soak the membrane of the probe in the High Standard solution. Then…

cells are extremely similar, but with a few differences. To wrap it up, they both have peroxisomes, golgi apparatuses, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, a nucleus, a nucleolus, chromatin, a nuclear envelope, mitochondria, a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and vacuoles. The parts that are unique to an animal cell are lysosomes, microtubules, centrioles, and secretory vesicles. The parts that are unique to a plant cell are a cell wall, chloroplasts, lytic vacuoles, and a much larger…

1.5 Drugs targeting the Rab prenylation pathway 1.5.1 Prenylation pathway Prenylation of Rab proteins is the essential lipid modification step that begins the membrane trafficking cycle. It is a crucial post-translational modification that allows the stable attachment of Rab proteins to the membrane by increasing hydrophobicity to be able to insert into the lipid bilayer (Maltese, Wilson and Erdman, 1996). As depicted in Figure 7, the Rab cycle starts with a Rab protein that is GDP bound, in…

MICROBIOLOGY NAME: ERICK PEREIRA DANTAS DATE: SEPTEMBER 4th, 2014 PROFESSOR: DR. MORTEZA ABBASZADEGAN TA: LAUREN MCBURNETT LABORATORY #2 – BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF WATER: MOST PROBABLE NUMBER TEST AND MEMBRANE FILTRATION METHOD ABSTRACT: The most probable number (MPN) test and the membrane filter (MF) method have as goal to detect and estimate the presence of coliforms in a sample. Their importance in the field of environmental engineering is to support the start of the analysis…

The process of oxygen and carbon dioxide moving in opposite directions across respiratory membranes is referred to as gas exchange. To extract energy from the sugars and acids in our body, oxygen is needed. During the process of extracting energy carbon dioxide is produced and the body must rid its self of this toxin. Movement of the cellular molecules in the human body in a manner that is not directional is called diffusion. Net diffusion occurs when there is a directed movement and…

bloodstream, it binds to a membrane-spanning glycoprotein receptor. This glycoprotein is embedded in the cellular membrane and has an extracellular receptor domain, made up of two α-subunits, and an intracellular catalytic domain, made up of two β- subunits. The α-subunits act as insulin receptors and the insulin molecule acts as a ligand. Together, they form a receptor-ligand complex. (Wikipedia, 2018) Binding of insulin to the α-subunit results in a conformational change in the membrane-bound…

This then allows gp41, a transmembrane protein that contains a fusion peptide, to allow the viral envelope to fuse with the cell membrane and release the capsid into the cell[12]. Reverse Transcription - After entry into the cell, the virus is uncoated releasing viral RNA and reverse transcriptase into the cell cytoplasm. Reverse transcriptase acts on this RNA and generates double…

The sensory stimulus (i.e. the colour change) causes these ion channels to open producing a change in the membrane potential of the receptor cell/s resulting in depolarisation. Once a threshold level of depolarisation is reached, approximately 15mv, the receptor cell stimulates the production of action potentials that are conducted along the membrane of a nerve fibre towards the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). An action potential occurs like this: 1. A sensory…

dioxide and water vapor. The blood picks up more oxygen at the lungs, and the cycle begins again! Water transport across cell membranes occurs by diffusion and osmosis. The cell‐membrane osmotic water permeability varies from cell to cell, depending on the composition of the lipid bilayer and the presence or absence of water pores. The two main pathways for plasma‐membrane water transport are the lipid bilayer and water‐selective…

Some of them are reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, low temperature distillation, membrane distillation, pressure retarded osmosis, biomimetic and grapheme membrane, and solar desalination. In the mid 1900’s, commonly used techniques of desalination involved distillation and evaporation. Solar desalination relies on the sun’s energy to create water vapor, which produces…