Membrane protein

The SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line was procured from National Centre for Cell Sciences, India and maintained in (DMEM) (Sigma Aldrich, USA) and Ham 's F12 nutrient mixture (F12) (Sigma Aldrich, USA) in 1:1 ratio. The medium was supplemented with 2 mmol L-glutamine (HiMedia, India), 10% (v/v) heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Hyclone Laboratories, Logan, UT) and 1% antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin). Cells were cultured at 37 ºC in a humidified CO2 ¬incubator containing 5% CO2 and…

phagocytic vesicle is pinched off from the cell plasma membrane and encloses the material to be digested. This vesicle fuses with the lysosome to form a phagolysosome complex. The acidic environment denatures macromolecules to increase their surface area for hydrolases to act. Once broken down, the soluble, useful material such as sugars, amino acids and nucleotides are used by the cell as nutrients; they enter the cytosol through the lysosomal membrane by either facilitated diffusion or active…

When there are genetic mutations that affect the cystic fibrosis trans-membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the outcome. CF was recently linked to CFTR defects, which is a major gene, found on the seventh chromosome. Cystic Fibrosis is not only the most common disease among those of Caucasian decent, but it also happens to be the most deadly inherited disease that affects more often Caucasian Americans. In the United States one in twenty among Caucasians are…

the protein that the DNA sequence coded for was Presenilin 2, also known as PSEN2. These proteins are developed from directions from the Presenilin Gene. One of the jobs of PSEN2 Gene is to process proteins that transmit chemical proteins from the cell membrane into the nucleus. From there they can activate genes, critical to cell growth and maturation (What is the normal function of the PSEN2 gene ). Processing amyloid precursor protein is also one of the main functions of PSEN2. This protein…

Present Cell Membrane Present Present Cilia and Flagella Sometimes present Some have flagella, but these have a different structure from those in eukaryotic cells ROOT HAIR CELLS . Root hair cells…

different PI3K isoform if a pan-PI3K inhibitor is not used (Engelman Targeting PI3K). AKT inhibitors are being targeted using ATP mimetics and non-catalytic site inhibitors (She breast cancer). Allosteric Akt inhibitors block the attachment of AKT to the membrane by interfering with the binding of the PH (Pleckstrin homology) domain to…

2.1.2. Alkaline hydrolysis Alkaline hydrolysis is a simple process in which the protein is solubilized by heating followed by the addition of calcium, sodium or potassium hydroxide as alkaline agents and maintaining the temperature at a range between 25-55 °C (Pasupuleti & Braun, 2010). During alkaline hydrolysis of proteins, some amino acids like serine and threonine are damaged during alkaline hydrolysis, however, tryptophan remains intact. Also, this process causes racemization of amino acids…

Chromatin in Meiosis and Mitosis are shown differently in Interphase. In Mitosis, the chromatin is made up of DNA and proteins. The DNA coils around the protein and that structure is called a nucleosome. Each chromatid in Mitosis is made up of many strings of the DNA and proteins (nucleosomes) to form a half X. The chromosome is made up of two of the chromatids (DNA and proteins-nucleosomes) to form one X. Chromatin in Meiosis are made up of chromatids. Before meiosis I begins, each chromosome…

to Increasing the cases of ZIKV in the world. This project sheds light on the mystery novel that allows ZIKV invasion and infection the host cells. A penetration process of ZIKA virus occurs by binding with Gas6 protein or (Growth arrest-specific 6) that leads to activate the Axl protein and release a downstream cascade of signaling within the cells, moreover, Axl signaling plays a significant role in protecting the human cell from stranger guests through a marvelous process called fluid-phase…

as the nuclear membrane which is a bilayer membrane that encloses the contents of the nucleus throughout the lifecycle of the cell. The membrane of the cell is selectively permeable meaning that it only allows certain things to go in and out. The cytoplasm which is surrounded by…