Meiosis

extra copy of one chromosome; people who have Down’s syndrome have 47 chromosomes. This extra chromosome is from group 21; people with Down’s syndrome have three copies of chromosome 21. The extra chromosome is caused by a mistake in the meiosis process; meiosis is the type of cell division by which gametes, the sperm cell…

Meiosis is the process where the male and female gametes fuse together to create a cell with the correct amount of chromosomes. Gametes contain a haploid number of chromosomes to ensure that after fertilisation, the diploid number of chromosomes is restored…

The stamen consists of a filament with an anther on top. The anther contains microsporangium which can produce diploid microsporocytes (2n), a microsporocyte can then undergo meiosis, where it divides twice to produce four haploid microspores (n) which have half of the plants original genes. All four of these microspores will develop into pollen grains which contain the male gametophytes. Inside the gametophytes are two different…

The mushroom is the most common type of fungi. Fungus is a fascinating organism because it is neither a plant nor animal. In some instances it appears that it has characteristics from both. Most people use to think that mushrooms were close relatives to plants, however they are not producers. This simply means that they do not make their own food. They receive their nutrients from their surroundings. They are labeled as decomposers because they break down their food and return the nutrients to…

Telomeres represent essential structure for genome stability, since their role is to protect the extremities of linear chromosomes from degradation and recombination. Furthermore, they also participate in the nuclear architecture, as well as in the meiosis-specific genome recombination and reorganization. Telomere length is the result of the equilibrium between shortening and lengthening mechanisms, and in many different organisms there is a decrease in lenght with increasing age. This suggests…

syndrome (1). Today, it is known as one of most frequent autosomal deletion syndromes that results from loss of the distal portion of chromosome 5 affecting the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene (6). The deletion occurs at random during meiosis or early fetal development and varies in level of severity dependent upon the size of the deletion on the p arm. The deletion causes a structural abnormality that influences multiple genes on chromosome 5, but not all genes have been…

model to identifyathe patterns of inheritance of certainamutant traits in fruit flies. Mendel’salaw ofasegregation is important in understandingagenetic inheritance. It statesathat each pair of homologousatrait carrying particles segregate during meiosis and each subsequent generationaresults in an equal distributionaof alleles at eachalocus (Mendel, 1866). In this experiment, weawere investigating fouradifferent inheritanceapatterns:aX-linked recessive, X-linkedadominant, autosomaladominant,…

Abstract In the world that people live in today contains many causes to death. One of the main causes to death in our world today is cancer. Cancer is one of the top leading causes of death in the United States. But have you ever asked yourself what exactly is cancer. Cancer is a disease when cells begin to grow out of control and begin to spread abnormally throughout the body. Due to the growing of these abnormal cells it can result to changing how your body should work. There are many types…

7. What hormone does an “ovulation” test probably detect? Why? An “ovulation” test probably detects the ovulating hormone, which is LH. This is because LH triggers ovulation, in which the egg is released from the ovary. LH is also important in the development of the corpus luteum. 8. What are the functions of the uterine tubes? The uterine tubes, or fallopian tubes, receive the ovulated oocyte, allow for the transport of sperm towards the egg, and then they provide a place for…

Embryonic Stem Cell Research is a controversial topic because many view it as a crime against humanity and others view it as advancement in modern science. To be able to participate in this controversy we have to understand exactly what an embryo is, what are stem cells, and precisely what embryonic stem cell research is. Human life begins at fertilization, where a female egg cell and a male sperm cell meet. This result in a single cell called a zygote. The female and male both pass on their…