Median lethal dose

both side. This method could lead to the problem escalading even further. Stun-guns are effective and can prevent a violent suspect from getting shot. The stun-gun is by far the best alternative to previous methods of less lethal force. Some of the previous methods of less lethal force include pepper spray, tear gas, stink bombs, laser dazzlers, and bright lights. Many of these methods when compared to the stun-gun are less effective and actually create more problems. For example, pepper spray…

and within a suspect encounter. There is non- lethal force, physical force, non-physical force and deadly force. According to Henych & Thompson (2008) force is defined as “acts that threaten or inflict physical harm on suspects” (p.741). Whereas deadly force takes it several steps further as being defined as “ the application of force likely to cause great bodily injury or death” (Henych & Thompson, 2008 p.741). They further mention that less than lethal force is the use of force that is not…

suspect is wearing layers of clothing then the barbs might not be able to reach the skin, making the weapon useless. It is proven that there is a higher chance of stopping criminals when police use some level of force such as a gun compared to a less lethal force. If the suspect is facing you with a , you may get to employ only one option before he deploys on you. That's why cops will usually go for their firearm in these situations. The only time the police needs to be shooting is when there is…

Beginning a new job when the previous person reputation has been damage beyond repair puts the replacement in tough situation. I will not only have to repair the reputation of my department and employees but also the reputation of my new position. As the replacement police chief, I will have to repairing the public image of police department and the police chief position. The death of young black teens on the hands of white police officers has put the citizens and police officer at a constant…

Use of Non-Lethal Weapons by Law Enforcement. This paper will answer the five questions offered below: 1. When did law enforcement start using non-lethal weapons and the different types of non-lethal weapons? 2. The two primary continuums and the significance of Non-lethal weapons and why law enforcement needs non-lethal weapons? 3. What are the causes and effects of non-lethal weapons, in regards to Tasers and pepper spray on a suspect? 4. When a subject is sprayed with pepper spray, can OC…

Contentions: Contention 1: ‘Non-lethal’ weapons have been known to kill and can still be abused. While the name may suggest otherwise, weapons that are considered ‘non-lethal’ have been known to kill or be abused in the past. An example of a non-lethal weapon like this is a stun gun. Stun guns are created to release an electric shock meant to disable someone. Many police departments have adopted using stun guns in their departments in an attempt to lower the amount of shootings. However, they…

referred to as a hallucinogen drug for the effects it produces on the mind. The prescription drug known as Prozac falls under the category of antidepressant as it is meant to treat depression. The name LD50 is an abbreviation for Lethal Dose fifty percent or median lethal dose. It is the amount of the substance required to kill fifty percent of the test population.…

Recent declines in honey bee populations and increasing demand for insect-pollinated crops raise concerns about pollinator shortages. Pesticide exposure and pathogens may interact to have strong negative effects on managed honey bee colonies. Such findings are of great concern given the large numbers and high levels of pesticides found in honey bee colonies. Thus it is crucial to determine how field-relevant combinations and loads of pesticides affect bee health. We collected pollen from bee…

Toxicity is the levels of chemical which causes harm to organism. A median level toxicity, LD50 is the levels of chemical required to kill half the population on organisms. LD50 metrics is used to define toxicity and any level beyond this measure is considered lethal causing acute toxicity and mortality. At No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) , there is no biologically or statically significant adverse effect of exposure on organism. The exposure level in minimum and the risk is acceptable…

was a good step forward, it does not stop the use of chemical/biological weapons by state actors that are non-signatory (e.g. Iraq's use of nerve agents during the Iran-Iraq War in the 80's). Lethal Dose (LD) and Lethal Dose 50 (LD 50 or LD-50, or LD/50) can be defined as the median amount of material…