Mastication

infection was found to be 25 cells/mg ; in the postemesis saliva collected half an hour after vomiting H. pylori cultures had counts ranging from 50–500 cfu/ml (97). Some epidemiological results also favor spread of H. pylori by an oral source. Pre-mastication of food and plate sharing were found to be independent risk factors for H. pylori infection of children (77). 2.2.4.3 Environmental sources: water and food The analysis of the genome has shown that it is very unlikely that H. pylori can…

1.1 Introduction: The incidence of zygomatic complex fracture is relatively high. A thorough understanding of the diagnosis and the surgical principles are of critical importance. The zygomatic bone provides the facial appearance, through its cheek prominence. This prominence plays an important role in the protection of the eye. Moreover, the zygomatic bone acts as a strong buttress for the absorption and transmission of masticatory forces to the base of skull. Therefore, the optimum reduction…

Gastrointestinal Tract This essay will be reviewing the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), looking at the components and their functions. It will explore how the system works, how it can be assessed by a clinician and the ethical and practical issues related to when assessing the GI tract. In relation to this, I will also be analysing how the endocrine system and autonomic system correlate to the gastrointestinal tract. How it functions Marieb (2016) states that the gastrointestinal tract…

pulp tissue. The presence of pulp within the cusp-like tubercle has clinical significance and distinguishes it from supplemental cusps, such as cusp of carabelli.1 Early detection and management of this condition is important because trauma during mastication causes fracture or wear of the tubercle that leads to necrosis of pulp and periapical infection. This condition is predominantly found on the occlusal surface of mandibular premolars2, lingual surface of anterior teeth (mainly maxillary…

Covered with Black and White a fur coat, the giant pandas are bear like in shape. The adult pandas have an approximate length of six feet and can weigh up to two hundred eighty pounds. Male pandas can be about the same size as a American Black Bear, with the exception that they cannot stand upright or hibernate. The giant panda exhibits bilateral symmetry with its large head, plantigrade feet, heavy body, rounded ears, and their five inch tails. The panda has adapted to consuming bamboo by using…

This chapter focuses on the definition and relevance of the facial appearance. The chapter starts with the description of the facial features as they are the basis of the facial appearance and crucial for the perception and recognition of faces (Andrews, Davies-Thompson, Kingstone, & Young, 2010). The distinct analysis of facial features played a significant role in the flowering periods of physiognomy. With detection of a holistic processing of faces, modern research investigates more complex…

mouth, where digestion starts. In the mouth the lips, tongue, taste buds, teeth and salivary glands all help to start the process of digestion. The lips help to keep food in the mouth. The tongue aids in digestion because it “guides food during mastication, forming of the bolus or small ball of food and swallowing” (Johnstone, et al, 2014). Taste buds are also important in the process of digestion, and they go hand in hand with the salivary glands to aid in digestion. The salivary glands release…

In Fences by August Wilson and in The Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams, fathers play a very large role, along with their relationships being affecting and what they want for their children. In Fences the main character, Troy Maxson and one of his family members, Cory are always head to head with one another. Cory and Troy seem to go head to head starting from how Troy’s father would treat him when he was younger. In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams Amanda Wingfield is a single…

The endodontically treated tooth require restoration due to the loss of the tooth structure, altered physical characteristics, dehydration, altered esthetic of the residual. Esthetic, structural and functional rehabilitation of a pulpless tooth is important to promote a successful restorative outcome. Posts and cores are used in endodontically treated, weakened teeth as a basis for prosthetic crowns. The primary reason for using a post is to retain a core with the objective to restore the…

swallow involves a series of steps that aid an individual when he or she is trying to swallow a variety of substances including liquids, solid foods, and pills. When a substance (food, liquid, etc.) enters the individual’s oral cavity, saliva and mastication form the substance into a bolus. During the oral phase of a normal swallow, the tongue tip touches the alveolar ridge as the tongue pushes the bolus back into the pharynx and the pharyngeal swallow is activated. The pharyngeal phase begins…