Mary Ainsworth

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    outside of the critical period stage. Furthermore, after around 8 months, infants formed attachments to other people whilst only 13% of infants were attached to only one caregiver. (Schaffer & Emerson, 1964). The attachment styles explained by Ainsworth, have been shown for other attachment figures and not just to the mothers. (Rutter, 1978). Rutter also argued that Bowlby did not recognise the difference between maternal deprivation and privation stating that the quality of a bond is more…

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    Baby's Attachment

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    A research study carried out by Shaffer and Emerson (1964) discovered the sequence of baby’s attachment development. The study used 60 babies, the babies were studied from their homes in order to identify the development of attachment with their mothers or care givers in their first years. The researcher visited the babies’ houses once a month during a period of one year. They observed the interaction between the mother and their babies as well as they interviewed the mothers to be able to…

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    "Discuss the development and the importance of attachment in early life making sure to include psychological theory and reference to psychological research in your answer" Whilst the process of attachment in early life may appear straightforward, there is however, a number of theories that can explain how this can vary. The development and importance of attachment in early life is well portrayed in psychological theory and in psychological research. The definition of attachment according to…

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    The attachment theory is developed by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth.The concepts were devised from ethology,cybernetics,information processing ,developmental psychology, and psychoanalysts. Bowlby drafted the basics of the attachment theory. He initiated the deliberation of child’s connection to its mother and how it can be disturbed because of separation, deprivation, and bereavement. Ainsworth’s involvement is this theory with the different methods that were used to test it. Additionally, she…

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    emphasizes the importance of these interactions. (Zastrow, C., & Kirst-Ashman, K, 2013) Mary Ainsworth, expanded on Bowlby’s theory by testing his ideas. She developed the Strange Situation a demonstrated episode of mother and child and his or her interactions with a stranger. The mother interacts with the child, while the stranger is either absent or present. The child is eventually left alone with the stranger. Ainsworth recorded and measured the child’s emotional states, giving insight…

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    Strange Situation

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    presence; others appear apprehensive and uncertain in the relationship. In order to measure the security of attachment, Mary Ainsworth and her associates developed a procedure to identify a secure attachment pattern and patterns of insecurity along with utilizing separation anxiety and response to reunion with mother to define the quality of attachment (Berk, 2014). Mary Ainsworth believed infants evolved to engage in behaviors such as clinging and smiling, in order to attract the mother, or…

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    Attachment Styles Essay

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    attachment theory which was the starting point in psychology. From Bowlby to Mary Ainsworth who was a developmental psychology known for her experiment The strange situation. There are different ways in which we attach to the people in their lives and how we categorise the types of attachment. The main study that assesses attachment styles is by Ainsworth and Wittig in 1969. There are three attachment styles that the Ainsworth study that states that are Securely attached infants,…

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    Attachment is “a close emotional relationship between two persons, characterised by mutual affection and a desire to maintain proximity [closeness]” (Shaffer, 1993). According to the British psychoanalyst John Bowlby, infants start to establish and develop a bond of attachment with the person that takes care of them in their first few weeks of life. The need for physical contact is more important than the feeding need, which can be proved with the famous Harlow’s test on the Rhesus monkeys,…

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    Attachment Styles

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    others. By using social interactions with others to shape views of ourselves. Attachment styles "are patterns of care giving which teaches us how to view ourselves and personal relationships." The attachment style was developed by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth (1991). John Bowlby observe interactions between parents and children concluding that attachment styles were developed by self through earlier relationships. Through the attachment styles we are able to shape personal understanding of…

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    In devising the ‘strange situation’ task in 1965, Mary Ainsworth created a fairly easily replicable experiment that enabled researchers to determine the quality of infant’s attachment to a primary caregiver. Despite some issues with the task, such as whether the results are reliable given the unusual circumstances (Lamb, 1977), Ainsworth’s experiments have provided researchers with vast amounts of data and a method that is still being used and analysed today. In the strange situation task,…

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