Mary Ainsworth

Infant Cognitive Development Bonding and attachment are often interchangeable terminology utilized to describe the connection between parents and infants (Redshaw, & Martin, 2013). Often a mother becomes attached to a child simply from the action of pregnancy and feeling the child growing, moving even hiccupping fosters an attachment based on this physical experience (Redshaw, & Martin, 2013). Bonding, however, occurs post birth, this is a bond that is developed within the first hours,…

The continuity of early and late attachment styles has been widely studied and debated for many years. Attachment history has been shown to affect the capacity for emotional regulation, the growth of self-reliance and the emergence of social competence, and is believed to explain the origins of social and emotional behaviour (Sroufe, 2005; Lewis, Feiring & Rosenthal, 2000). Because of these impacts, developmental psychologists have sought to determine if there is continuity between infant and…

child-parent relationships (Ainsworth, 1991; Bowlby 1982). In such relationships, the child occupies the role of the needy, dependent relationship partner and the parents occupy the role that Bowlby (1969/1982) called a stronger and wiser caregiver or attachment figure. Bowlby claimed, however, that attachment theory and the concept of attachment are relevant to social-relational behavior across the life span. In fact, following Bowlby’s (1969/1982) lead, other scholars (e.g. Ainsworth, 1991;…

The Keeping Ourselves Safe (KOS) program is run in conjunction with the Ministry of Education and the New Zealand Police. It was introduced into schools in 1989 with the purpose of educating children about child abuse and how to prevent it. According to Sanders (2004) the three main goals of KOS was to “teach the children safe practices; encourage victims of abuse to come forward and to raise awareness within the community of the need to keep children safe”. The program has been split into age…

Two important theories involved in developmental psychology are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory. Each theory has its own important ideas about how people develop throughout their life. Maslow focuses on a type of development that happens in seven categories, one being reached after the requirements of the previous one have been met. While Bowlby’s theory involves having a Primary Attachment Figure that is there to help a person, most often a child, through their…

Given the human and technological resources available, parents and other caretakers adapt the customs and practices of child rearing – inherited and adapted ways of nurturing, entertaining, educating, and protecting the child – to the ecological and cultural settings in which they live (Super & Harkness, 1986). The most prominent caregiving figure in Keon’s life is his Grandma Grace, a 55 year-old social worker. Although it is customary for American children to have their mothers as primary…

The Ainsworth Theory is a theory involved with the different attachment qualities between children of 9 months to 2 years old. There are 3 types of attachments: secure attachment, ambient attachment, and avoidant attachment. In secure attachment, the baby will become very distressed when the mothers leave, be friendly with strangers only when the mother is around, and positive and happy when the mother returns. These babies are usually confident that their attachment figures will provide them…

As attachment researchers have become interested in studying attachment security at older ages, the Strange Situation as the “gold standard” of attachment assessment has remained central. Today researchers developing assessments of attachment for children or adolescents frequently (a) use the same fourfold classification system of the Strange Situation, (b) seek to validate their measures by showing that infants who are securely or insecurely attached in the Strange Situation obtain the same…

An attachment is a special bond we have with the special people in our lives. These people make our day brighter when we see them. These special people may consist of the parents, grandparents, godparents, and even the caregiver. Babies begin to get attached to these special people at the age of six months. John Bowlby created the attachment theory and he believed that babies have an emotional bond with their caregivers (Berk & Meyers, 2016). There are four patterns of attachment development and…

The two versions of the poem are very similar yet they have different meanings. With only changing a few words, William Carlos Williams gives the poem a new meaning. I think this shows that just by ommiting one word, it can make a whole difference. However version 2 portrays imagism in a better way. Version 1 narrates a woman sitting near a window with a small little child. The woman has tears running down her face. The child seems to be her baby, who may be stealing her. The true meaning of…