Marburg virus

Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that exclusively infect and replicate within bacterial cells. Phages are ubiquitous, with an estimated 1x106 particles per drop of seawater and as many as 1x108 particles per g of soil. Phage predation destroys an estimated one-half of the bacterial population worldwide every 48 h, hence regulating the population dynamics of natural bacteria (Deresinski 2008). Bacteriophages attach to their host cell by specialized structures called tail fibers, inject their…

Regan Hansen – A006569939 Biology 3300 - 503 Library Unknown – Neisseria Gonorrhoeae The characteristics that I had to look for was a gram negative coccus, often in flattened pairs, non-motile, aerobic, acid from glucose but not maltose, nitrites not reduced, and isolated from a sick human. I found out that there seems to be a very small amount of gram negative coccus bacteria. The biggest factor that helped me in determining my unknown was seeing that the acid came from glucose and not…

HSV-1 and HSV-2 replication is reduced in rhesus macaque fibroblasts: The aim behind this experiment was to check whether rhesus monkey cells are more effective against the HSV-1 and HSV-2 replication than Human TRIM5. Rhesus Macaque fibroblast cell lines and HeLa cell lines were infected with HSV-1 KOS and HSV-2 186 syn+ strains at MOI=3 PFU/cell and harvested at different time points post infection. The viral load at these time points are shown the Figure 1. From the figure we understand…

This condition is caused by a virus. The virus is spread in droplets that are sprayed when a contagious person talks, sneezes, or coughs. A person with rubella is contagious from about 1 week before the rash appears until about 1 week after it goes away. What increases the risk? This condition is more likely to occur in children between the ages of 5 and 15 years old. What are the signs or symptoms? Symptoms usually appear 2–3 weeks after your child is exposed to the virus. The most common…

Differential diagnoses for a patient that presents with a history of living in a communal-type holding center for the past week, an itchy, pinpoint, papular rash on the extremities can be scabies, insect bites, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and pityriasis rosea. Due to the fact that the child has been living in a communal-type holding center, there is no telling what insects the child may or may not have been around. An insect bite can present with symptoms of erythema, local pain,…

The 1918 “Spanish flu” Pandemic was caused by an avian-like influenza virus that gained the ability for efficient and sustained human-to-human transmission and then spread globally, killing 20-50 millions. Fortunately, viruses with pandemic potential are rare occurrences and ongoing surveillance of human and avian viruses is being done globally in preparedness for an influenza pandemic. Vaccines and anti-viral drugs may be available, if needed and time permits. Both kinds of therapies have…

Rabies is caused by a virus of the same name that is shaped like a bullet; it is oblong on one end and flat or concave on the other. The the surface of the virus, expect the flat end, is covered in knobs of glycoprotein. The rabies virus is most commonly transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal. Though transmission has occurred through transplantation, this occurrences are extremely rare and the virus and subsequent disease are overwhelmingly transmitted by any warm blooded animal.…

presence of the virus is the production of antibodies. Antibodies bind to the viruses proteins, also known as antigens, to try to remove them. The Y shape of the antibodies allows them to bind to antigens on cells with the two arm like structures and bind to Fc receptors on certain cells with the bottom part of the Y. This binding forms infectious virus-antibody complexes which enable the virus to now spread to cells with Fc receptors that might not have the specific receptor to the virus…

Gene therapy is where normal genes/ genetic material are inserted into the cell where missing or malfunctioning genes are, potentially correcting any disorders caused by the faulty gene. Leading research of gene therapy to treat Cystic Fibrosis has made ground breaking discoveries in ways in which faulty or missing CFTR genes (responsible for moving salt and water out of cells) can be replaced via Vectors, to ensure the protein can regain its normal function. This annotated bibliography provides…

Gene Therapy What is gene therapy? Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent diseases or disorders. Using gene therapy you can replace the non-functioning genes with good functioning genes. Although gene therapy is safe there are however side effects afterword which makes it risky. Before we go into depth about gene therapy here is some basic knowledge. So to put it in a simple way all we are doing is replacing a bad gene with a good gene. A bad gene is in…