Mandible

The small intestine consists of three divisions: The duodenum is the uppermost division and the part to which the pyloric end of the stomach attaches. it is about 25 cm (10 inches) long and is shaped roughly like the letter C. The name duodenum , meaning " 12 fingerbreadths," refers to the short length of this intestinal division. The duodenum becomes jejunum at the point where the tube turns abruptly forward and downward . The jejunal portion continues for approximately the next 2.5 m (8…

Humans Vs. Primates Primates and humans go through a similar daily life that has its ups and downs. It’s a struggle, but both parties seem to use their tools to still get through life. It is said that humans have aspects where they are related to animals. But what is it that makes primates different from humans? Primates are different from humans due to their senses, teeth, how they move, how they reproduce, behavior, vocal communication in their everyday life. The senses that primates have…

other oral consequences like bad breath, tooth discoloration, delayed healing from an oral trauma or oral surgery, and an increased risk of periodontal disease. These consequences can result in the loss of taste, smell, teeth, and bone loss in the mandible. Nicotine, which is found in all tobacco products in different amounts, intensifies grinding. It is a natural stimulant that ignites the muscles that initiate grinding or bruxism. It is also a vasoconstrictor, meaning it inhibits the body’s…

Human bones are crucial to aid body movement and stabilize joints. However, the ossification of bones where it shouldn’t be present can cause many difficulties in the body’s ability to perform natural movements. Fibrodysplasia Ossification Progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant disease in which the muscles, ligaments, and tendons progressively transform into bone (Kaplan, Nassau, & Shore, 2014). This formation of new bone forms outside the natural skeleton structure (See…

This fixture should consist of a tensile and strong material like titanium (Ti). Just like a tooth root, it is inserted in the maxilla (upper jaw) and/or the mandible (lower jaw). Implants are a safe, traditional, conventional and well-known treatment. Dental implant placement is usually a routine and minor process that does not require a general anesthesia, it can be done in the dental clinic under local anesthesia…

continue, whether federally monitored or not, such as with laws put in place by President Bush and President Obama, we are allowing major science breakthroughs. Current scientific discoveries include creating a bladder from cloned cells and regrowing a mandible. (Stocum, 2014) Whether you are supportive of science that is eased by use of embryonic stem cells or supportive of the science that is aided by pluripotent stem cells, it is hard to deny there is a bonus to both and the research should…

“It’s a tough world out there when you’re an herbivore, particularly for us insects.” I’m a Green Stinkbug (Nezara viridula). I’ll guide you through some of current battles between us and plants. These battles are constant, and have been on-going since the rise of the first plants and insects. This co-evolution process has developed symbiotic relationships- both good (commensalism) and bad (predation/parasitism) depending on whose side you’re on. The relationships we’ll see are between insects,…

discovered by British Naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1859. It affected ants of the Camponotini tribe. The infected ant would leave its nest and travel to an area with the perfect temperature and humidity for fungal growth, then the ant would use its mandibles to hang on a leaf upside down until the inevitable death that would follow. Over the next one hundred and fifty years the fungi evolved. It became dangerous, lethal. Its DNA modified to survive the harshest of environments, and it…

It is necessary to produce about one-third of the food that humans eat. No, it is not high fructose corn syrup, but pollination by honeybees. Brad Plumer of the Washington Post quotes, “The U.N. Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that ‘out of some 100 crop species, which 90% of food worldwide, 71 of these are bee pollinated.’ Around the World, these crops are worth at least $207 billion.” One fact even more bizarre is that honeybees are disappearing and no one seems to know for sure…

These essential parts of the body are small, pointy, round, and help chew food. What are they? Teeth! Teeth come in many shapes, many sizes, and unfortunately, many colors. Each tooth has its own function, as well as its own important structure. Teeth cannot be unattended to though. They must be cared for properly in order to maintain their appearance and health. Teeth are made up of many different substances and parts. Understanding these things makes caring for teeth much easier.…