first have to understand what it means to be female and what it means to be male under evolutionary standards and how the two sexes contribute to reproduction. Under biological terms, a female is the sex that produces the ova or egg, which is the larger sex gamete. The egg is large because it contains nutrients and material needed for the development of offspring as well as the DNA of the mother(Gilbert 2000). Meanwhile, a male is defined as the sex that produces the sperm, which is the smaller…
sense in a system where males are indiscriminate and eager to spread their genes. The cost of reproduction weighs more heavily on the female as she invests the most time during the development of the offspring. She…
evolutionary process having important consequences on reproductive behaviour, morphology, and fitness (Birkhead and Pizzari, 2002). Sexual selection research has often focused on pre-copulatory mate choice; however, the discovery of female promiscuity and polyandry has lead to the realization that mate choice continues to operate after copulation (Birkhead and Pizzari, 2002). For males, it is obvious that promiscuity has evolved to increase reproductive fitness; however, the potential benefits…
This writing focuses on “The Egg and the Sperm: How Science Has Constructed a Romance Based on Stereotypical Male-Female Roles”, written by Emily Martin. The main idea focuses and talks about how science represents sperm as a higher status and masculine. While the egg is a lower status and feminine. Thus, supporting that males are dominant and that there is gender related inequality. Today’s society is constructed of stereotypes based on our cognizance of the world that we live in today and…
get more intensive orgasm? Well, for a start, quit smoking if you are a smoker. Abstain from excessive use of alcohol or narcotic drugs will also help. Best of all, start a regular exercise program to increase your male hormone, testosterone which is the main driving force behind male libidos. You may also like to see your doctor for prescriptive medicine to increase your sperm volume or consider taking sperm volume orgasm enhancer or supplement to get more intensive orgasm. It is precisely…
olive baboons mating systems is their involvement in consortships. Male baboons will follow female baboons around, guarding them from other males and participating in frequent grooming and sexual mountings (Bercovitch 1983). Due to the fact that other male olive baboons often harass couples in consortship, often there is a large male turnover during a single female fertility period—thus their polyandrous behavior. Female baboons often consort with an average of three or four male baboons…
gender roles in early male and female hominids and Homo sapiens. I will also address how the advancements in the technology of biological reproductive control, has affected and shaped modern day gender roles. The major drive for early hominids and Homo sapiens was the acquisition of food and reproductive success which was essential in their survival. Biologist suggest that with the development of bipedalism came some possible advantages for early hominids. Biologist state, “Males may have…
rank in animal societies is advantageous and beneficial in reproductive success and health, however staying at the top position can also involve more energetic costs. Do high-ranking males experience higher levels of testosterone and glucocorticoid in unstable hierarchies? Researchers in the article, Life at the Top: Rank and Stress in Wile Male Baboons, studied and tested the prevailing hypothesis that suggested that high-ranking males are faced with higher testosterone and glucocorticoid…
of voles were seen after mating. Male prairie voles presented an increase in behaviors such as affiliation and mate guarding (Insel, 2010). These behaviors were not present in montane voles after mating occurred. This might suggest that the monogamous social organization in prairie vole is reflected through pair bonding right after mating. Knowing that AVP and OT are released during mating, it was proven that AVP, when centrally administered to prairie vole males who have not mated, will lead…
that have always viewed females as being inferior to their male counterparts. According to the four elements theory, women are inferior because their bodies contain less fire. Women were also deemed as being inferior in their rational capacity in relations to math, science, and philosophy. To further add, women were said to be inferior in their physiology and reproductive capabilities. In the movie “The Handmaid’s Tale” we see where the male generated a view of female inferiority, that was…