Mahdi

activist and quietist wings – the quietist was called Imami or “Twelver” Shiites, they believed the line of visible imams had ended in 874 when the twelfth imam, still only an infant, believed to gone into hiding in Samarra, from which he will return as Mahdi. The activist, the Ismaili view, argued the imamate had not ended as the Twelvers claim but rather it’s was continued in a different line of Ali’s descendants (John L. Esposito:…

Islam had many achievements during the Golden Ages and one of the greatest accomplishment is The House of Wisdom. In the 8th century, The House of Wisdom was built by Al-Rasheed, who is part of the Abbasid Dynasty. The House of Wisdom was a place full of knowledge and wisdom and is known as a symbol of the spread and expansion of traditions from other culture, nation, and empire. The main purpose of the House of Wisdom was to gather books or manuscripts from other culture, nation, or empire to…

Even though the middle east has overcame western domination over the past centuries, one can beyond doubt see the political instability that plagues the middle east, and this political irregularity will cause increasing international turmoil. The Middle East is in a very fragile state that one big incident can cause it to shatter like a tray of glasses being bumbed. When this happens it could possible take the rest of the world with it. This political instability all happened because of the…

“Women in particular know that their government deprives them of freedoms that women elsewhere take for granted” (Downing 28). The women of Iran have had a difficult history of fighting for change. One of the few rights these women have earned is the right to vote. In 1963, they were able to gain the right to vote due to the increase of women’s movements around the world. Iran’s women’s movement has become one of the most well known in the last two decades (Price 336). However, they still…

area with a total population in excess of 10 million. In Sadr City’s case, with every day a struggle for survival the Sadrists’ limited initiatives earned tremendous loyalty among the slum’s population and after 2003, the founding of the Jaysh al-Mahdi (JAM) strengthened the coercive portion of the Sadrist spectrum of control with religious courts sentencing and gruesomely punishing those who defied Sadrist control structures. JAM ruthlessly purging whole districts of Sunni residents and manning…

The Carpe Diem poetry was largely known for the theme of “seizing the day,” covering a number of issues in society. More importantly, the technique often described the sexual activities and urgency for people to use their opportunities. At that time, society often nurtured modesty and the conservative nature that was against extra-marital sexual activities. The exposure and the explicit content in the poems were not that common, even the deeper meaning discussed, revealing the sexual deeds. In…

venues (Michael L. Birzer, 2006). Diana Kendall states that discrimination occurs due to actions or practices of dominant-group members that have harmful effect on members of a subordinate group (Kendall, 2015). Michael L. Birzer and Jackquice Smith-Mahdi studied the constant struggle that African American experience in their everyday lives, from shopping to the workplace in the article, “Does Race Matter? The Phenomenology of Discrimination Experienced among African Americans. White Americans…

Here is an interesting fact about aspirin: one hundred billion aspirin tablets are consumed yearly on Earth. That is four hundred thousand tons of aspirin (Dodziuk, 2013). Aspirin is a very common household drug and it is very widely used in the medical industry today. Most people know this drug as a pain reliever. However, it can do many other things than just that. Aspirin is not a drug that produces anesthesia or causes someone to lose consciousness. Aspirin is also used to reduce fevers,…

Caliph Mahdi offers a view into Christian-Islamic relation before a time of tension. Timothy notes, “he is a loveable man, and loves also learning when he finds it in other people, and on this account he directed against me the weight of his objections, whenever necessary. He began to address me and converse with me not in a harsh and haughty tone, since harshness and haughtiness are remote from his soul, but in a sweet and benevolent way” (231). Timothy presents the Abbasid caliph Mahdi to be…

Hezbollah, translated as the “Party of God”, is a Lebanon-based Shiite populous which has been a direct threat to many European Union (EU) countries as well as a direct threat to the United States. Hezbollah has murdered more Americans before September 11th, 2001 than any other hybrid threat or terrorist organization. How might they be so capable in achieving such atrocities? What defines Hezbollah as a hybrid threat? We have defined prior to this discussion board a hybrid threat as the…