Macrophage

al.. 2003). The virus replicates within tissue macrophages and spread locally followed by disseminated distribution by lymphatics and blood (APPEL 1970; BEINEKE et al.. 2009). This widespread dissemination of the virus is accompanied byan increase in body temperature and leukopenia (BEINEKE et al.. 2009). The virus multiplies within lymphoid tissues including spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues and macrophages in the lamina propria of the gastrointestinal…

inflammation of various tissues, and (if contracted through aerosol form) the death of the infected organism. Specifically, Francisella tularensis attacks cells known as macrophages, which typically engulf and rid the system of infections by engulfing and killing them, however if faced with Francisella tularensis, the macrophage will only engulf the bacterium but not kill…

COPD is a disease characterized by chronic airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation in COPD is usually progressive and is associated with an inflammatory response of the lungs (Haggerty, 2013). The pathological changes that indicate COPD include an increase in mucus producing cells, chronic inflammation in different parts of the lung, and structural changes that result from a persistent cycle of destruction and repair. Many parts of the lungs are affected,…

Day 1 John Smith ,62 years old male body weight 160 kg and height 1745cm long term smoker. Today he is consulting his GP with his blood lipid profile which resulted LDL -5.6, HDL -0.4, TG-5.7and total cholesterol -9.4. Q1. Ideal Total Cholesterol (TC) should be 4 mmol/L or less, LDL-Cholesterol (LDL) should be 3 mmol/L or less and HDL-Cholesterol it should be over 1mmol/L (men) overall Total Cholesterol the lower figure is the better. In Johns result he has Total Cholesterol of 9.40 which is…

Autoimmunity and the Endocrine System Chad Martin Nursing 631 Grand Canyon University December 12, 2015 Introduction The immune system in the human body is protection. Protection not only from infectious disease processes and foreign bodies but from ourselves. The immune system is great to have when working well, however, there can be unintended and serious consequences when the system fails and initiates inappropriate responses to our bodies own cells. Autoimmunity specifically is the…

Introduction Sold commercially under the tradename Sevin, carbaryl (C12H11NO2) is an insecticide that is commonly applied to corn, soybean, and cotton (EPA, 2000). It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that kills insects by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter. Neurons are stimulated when they release acetylcholine and transmit a message to the next neuron (Waymire, n.d.). However, in order for a neuron to return to its initial, unstimulated state, the acetylcholine in its…

in which debris enter a cell; this process can be sectioned off into three different parts: Phagocytosis, pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Phagocytosis is where recognition receptors detect threats to the immune system, and then the macrophage submerges the particle in a pocket called a phagosome where the enzymes are then released into the pocket by one of the organelles (Mosser, D. and Edwards, J. 2008) where lysosomes release digestive enzymes into, breaking down the debris…

There are many ways to get lung cancer, you do not have to be a smoker to get lung cancer. At the age of forty-one, Todd Hardy was diagnosed with an early stage of lung cancer even though he was never a smoker. He said he felt healthy and had no symptoms of the disease, but indeed he had lung cancer. Todd Hardy went home and started doing his research to learn more about what he had and he came across CTCA (Cancer Treatment Centers of America) , Todd Hardy was determined and CTCA helped him.…

biosynthesis is affected which in turn affects lipid homeostasis along with disturbance in NO pathways (29, 30). Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) signaling is also affected. PPARs are shown to reduce inflammatory response in macrophages. The neuroinflammatory response of AD is activated by installation of the β-amyloid peptide in extracellular…

takes place so fast in the alveoli (Lewis et al., 2014 p. 663). Then resolution phase takes place where in the alveolar space there are increased number of macrophages that could be seen then it removes degenerative neutrophils ( immature neutrophils are greater than the mature neutrophils), fibrin and bacteria are digested by macrophages (Lewis et al., 2014 p 663). The normal lung tissues is being resotred and the normal function of the gas exchange in the lungs is…