Macrolide

Bacteria are single celled organisms which thrive in a wide range of environments. For example they can live in soil, the ocean and the human and animal gastrointestinal tract. Bacteria are also able to live in extreme environments such as the harsh cold and some deserts. Bacteria can be harmful, resulting in serious health issues such as pneumonia. (Bacteria, n.d.)However they can also be very beneficial. Certain bacteria aid in digestion and other processes in the human body. There are two…

drug is also the drug of choice for adults compared to erythromycin as it has fewer serious drug interactions.1 Macrolides, in general, are used to treat respiratory infections caused by both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Aside from having a high level of tissue penetration, their antimicrobial activity is focused on the inhibition bacterial protein synthesis. As macrolides have 1,2, and 3 ribosomal binding, they are able to achieve this inhibition through reversible bindings to the…

target a wider variety of bacteria, for example cephalosporin which belongs to the penicillin group of antibiotics. Where as narrow spectrum antibiotics specifically target certain types of bacteria, for example Azithromyin which belongs to the macrolide antibiotic group. If the bacteria is passed on to another human, this assists in the migration of gene flow for the newly resistant genes. When this happens, it means that the bacteria will be more difficult for the next person to fight off,…

Introduction The clinical connection that I would like to share relates to the patient I was caring for who has a history of actinic keratosis, aortic insufficiency, aortic valve replaced, basal cell carcinoma, clostridium difficile, chronic lymphoid leukemia, erosive esophagitis, GERD, heart failure, hematuria, total hip replacement, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, influenza A, osteoarthritis, iron deficiency, major depressive disorder, MERSA-nares, pressure ulcer of sacral region, squamous cell…

Nephrotoxic Nephropathy Definition: Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances both toxic chemicals and medications on renal function. There are various forms of nephrotoxicity. Some drugs may affect renal function in more than one way. Additionally, nephrotoxins are substances that display nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity is a significant adverse effect of the calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus. Nephrotoxicity can be divided into…

A “Request for Medical Evaluation” form will need to be filled out by the Clinician, signed by an Instructor, and faxed over to the attending physician to determine antibiotic to be administered, bleeding precautions, before any treatment may be rendered. (See Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimen before Dental Treatment, Table 1) Physician needs to address any health concerns of the patient and any interactions of drugs. (Little, page 362) Drugs that cause toxicity to the liver should be avoided,…

The best diagnostic method is culture on a selective charcoal-yeast extract medium. Respiratory specimens can be assessed by fluorescent-antibody methods and a DNA probe test. Erythromycin and other macrolide antibiotics, such as azithromycin, are the drugs of choice for treatment. Erythromycin’s mode of action is the inhibition of protein synthesis, by obstructing the tunnel. However, erythromycin is not able to enter the cell walls of most gram-negative…

Case Summary, including Signs and Symptoms This case study aimed to shed light on the importance of rapid detection of microorganisms using an efficient technological development, Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, Time-of-flight and Mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The case involved a 54 year old Asian male who had received a living-donor kidney transplant 14 years ago due to IgA nephropathy. Signs and symptoms included, fever, multifocal cellulitis, bacteremia, swelling and…

C.M an 85 year old male came to the hospital presenting with short of breath, cough, increased respiratory effort, and wheezing. He was diagnosed with Pneumonia. C.M is a former smoker. He smoked a half a pack of cigarettes for 25 years. When smoking, the toxins breathed in irritate the respiratory system causing inflammation. Smoking for 25 years probably contributed to chronic bronchitis. C.M had a cough. The cough could have been from the chronic bronchitis. The bronchial mucus gland…

OBJECTIVE #1 - The clinical manifestation of, and risk factors for, rhabdomyolysis • Rhabdomyolysis is a condition of skeletal muscle breakdown due to the release of intracellular components into the bloodstream, including myoglobin, creatine kinase, aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase, and electrolytes (DynaMed Plus, 2016). • The patient may experience systemic symptoms that may include fever, malaise, nausea, dyspepsia, emesis, muscle pain, weakness and swelling of injured muscles, tea-colored…