Lymphocyte

COPD is a chronic pulmonary disease that affect millions of americans with many new cases diagnosed every day.(National heart,lung and blood institute). COPD commonly refers to two seperate types of illnesses, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This paper will focus on the emphysema side of the illness. COPD is develops slowly, often from cigarette abuse in particular. COPD is a major cause of disability and currently there is no cure available, many people have the disease and do not evene know…

pancreatic islet cell. The triggering event that initiates this process in genetically susceptible persons, is linked to environmental factors that result from an infection, a virus, or, more likely, the presence of toxins in the diet. The body’s own T lymphocytes progressively attack the beta cells but leave the other hormone-producing cell types intact (Klandort & Stark, 2014). Type two diabetes is known as insulin-independent diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes results from either decrease…

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Michelle Kral Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is my topic of choice. Throughout this paper you’ll read all about Hodgkin’s Lymphoma; how it came to be? Does it leave, stay, or come back once gone? Etc. To start off, the symptoms of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma are heavy breathing, night sweats,…

There are many challenges to successful organ transplants, including matching a recipient and a donor based on matching genetic variability. It is extremely difficult to match MHC perfectly with a donor and a recipient as there are many locations where genetic differences can still cause a rejection reaction by the recipient. A familial donor is usually the closest to a perfect genetic MHC match that a recipient can find. The closer the match of genetic variability, the better the chances that…

epididymis is a tube that connects a testicle to a vas deferens in the male reproductive system. Within the epididymis, there are several types of cells that make up the epithelium, some of which are the main, basal, apical, clear, intraepithelial lymphocytes, and intraepithelial macrophages. Clear cells are predominant in the tail region of the epithelium. The ways in which these cells are involved with V-ATPases are as follows. Osteoclasts use plasma membrane V-ATPases to acidify the…

All humans are designed with two types of immunity; innate and adaptive. The innate immune system can distinguish between different classes of pathogens and recruit the most effective form of adaptive immune response to eliminate them. Adaptive responses are a response that the body adapts to certain injuries or insults. Innate responses are non-specific to the insult. Unlike innate immune responses, the adaptive responses are highly specific to the particular pathogen that induced them (Alberts…

The reason for joint pain being the chief complaint is because of the persistence of viruses in the joint and muscle tissues. Hence, when the body realizes the threat, it activates its immune system recruiting macrophages, natural killer cells, T-lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8) cells and inflammatory mediators. This then initiates an inflammatory response resulting in fever (Miranda et al, 2013, pp…

The job of the immune system is to be a defense mechanism against diseases and any other harmful substance that enters the body. When it is functioning properly the immune system will attack any invaders and neutralize that specific threat. It will also create an encoding of that specific disease or sickness so that the body can never be harmed by that specific one ever again. So essentially the immune system is an ever changing and constantly strengthening tool that is essential in maintaining…

microbes, parasites, toxins, or viruses are all parts of what we call the immune system. So how does the immune system work you may ask? In simple sense, when foreign substances enter the body, the body detects these substances and triggers the lymphocytes to produce antibodies. These antibodies stick to the antigens to help stop it from further production. Antibodies are a major element to the…

Lymphoma Ryan Jones Mr. Reeves Biology Honors April 24, 2018 Introduction Lymphoma is the name of a diverse group of cancers of the lymphatic system, a connecting network of glands, organs and vessels whose principle cell is the lymphocyte. Lymphoma originated from new Latin, dating back to 1870-75; lymph-,-oma. When lymphoma occurs, cells in the lymphatic system grow abnormally. They divide too rapidly and grow without any order or control. Too much tissue is formed and tumors…